改性微生物絮凝剂FCZJ-15制备及处理含氟废水研究

发布时间：2018-02-10 15:51

  本文关键词： 产絮菌CZJ-15 絮凝剂FCZJ-15 含氟废水 絮凝机理 铝盐复配　出处：《昆明理工大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：慢性氟中毒对会导致一系列的健康问题产生。过量氟元素的吸收对植物的毒害作用亦非常深重,随着氟元素的迁移及富集,将产生一系列的环境问题,最终威胁到人体健康。因此,对于含氟废水的处理意义重大。目前广泛应用的除氟技术中存在有各种各样的缺点。利用微生物絮凝剂进行除氟处理的研究目前在国内尚属空白,将微生物絮凝剂投入到除氟处理过程,既可以改善目前所存在的除氟技术的缺点,也可以拓宽微生物絮凝剂的应用范围。本文的目的为研发一种新型高效可降解无毒副作用的絮凝效果好的絮凝剂FCZJ-15。对改性剂的选取、改性剂的浓度、改性剂的添加时间、共同培养的温度、培养初始pH、Mg~(2+)对其影响、最适培养时长等条件进行研究,从而得到最佳培养条件,再在这一条件下制备得到改性产絮菌CZJ-15。絮凝剂FCZJ-15由产絮菌CZJ-15发酵后提取而来。再利用絮凝剂FCZJ-15对含氟废水进行处理。在此基础上建立了协同作用絮凝模型,利用傅立叶红外光谱、电镜及Zeta电位测定等方式对絮凝剂FCZJ-15和铝盐协同对氟离子的絮凝机理进行了分析。得到了以下结果:(1)改性产絮菌CZJ-15的改性培养的最佳条件为:培养pH=6.38、发酵时长 84h、A13+浓度 0.85g/L、Mg~(2+)浓度 0.6g/L、培养温度为 34.2℃。(2)絮凝剂FCZJ-15不适用于单独进行除氟处理,FCZJ-15适用于和铝盐进行复配再用于含氟废水处理。先投加FCZJ-15的除氟效率好于先投加AlCl36H2O。复配比例为:FCZJ-15添加量:AlCl36H20添加量=16:9。(3)除氟反应时控制pH=7.14,除氟效率可达95%以上。(4)絮凝剂FCZJ-15的表面基团为酰胺基、羧基、羟基;羟基和铝盐间靠离子络合作用形成类似四羟基氧化铝结构,Zeta电位变大,絮凝活性强。(5)絮凝剂FCZJ-15在电镜下的主要结构松散,孔径较大,吸附点位多,有利于絮凝反应。(6)在除氟过程中絮凝剂FCZJ-15絮以电中和作用及离子络合为主,四羟基氧化铝结构促进了絮凝过程。(7)改性微生物絮凝剂FCZJ-15在高氟水地区的除氟应用中具有极大潜能,极大程度地降低了铝盐的使用量,使铝盐使用量仅为原使用量的一半左右,大大降低了铝盐形成二次污染产生的可能,是一种环境友好型絮凝剂。
[Abstract]:Chronic fluorosis can lead to a series of health problems. The absorption of excess fluoride is also very toxic to plants. With the migration and enrichment of fluorine, there will be a series of environmental problems. Finally, it threatens human health. Therefore, it is of great significance to the treatment of fluorine-containing wastewater. There are various shortcomings in the widely used defluorination technology. The study of defluorination by microbial flocculant is still blank in China. The application of microbial flocculants in the process of defluorination can not only improve the shortcomings of the present defluorination technology, The purpose of this paper is to develop a new kind of flocculant FCZJ-15with high efficiency and no toxic side effects. The selection of modifier, the concentration of modifier, the addition time of modifier, The effect of co-culture temperature, initial pH of Mg2) on it and the optimum culture time were studied, and the optimum culture conditions were obtained. Then the modified flocculant CZJ-15 was prepared under this condition. The flocculant FCZJ-15 was extracted from the fermentation of CZJ-15. The flocculant FCZJ-15 was used to treat the wastewater containing fluorine. On the basis of this, a synergistic flocculation model was established. Using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, The flocculation mechanism of flocculant FCZJ-15 and aluminum salt for fluorine ion was analyzed by electron microscope and Zeta potential measurement. The following results were obtained: the optimum conditions of modified flocculant CZJ-15 were as follows: culture pH 6.38, fermentation time long. 84hu A13 (0.85g / L) 0.6g / L, culture temperature: 34.2 鈩，

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