上海市居民人发重金属含量及其空间分布特征研究

发布时间：2018-02-12 05:33

本文关键词： 人发重金属空间分布年龄　出处：《环境科学学报》2017年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：采集上海市15个区(不包括崇明县),年龄在0~80岁之间的84例居民人发样品作为研究对象,着重分析上海市居民头发中镉(Cd)、铜(Cu)、铅(Pb)和锌(Zn)4种重金属元素含量,探究其与年龄的关系及空间分布特征.结果显示,上海市居民头发中Cd、Cu、Pb和Zn 4种重金属平均含量均在正常范围内,Cd含量为(0.11±0.19)μg·g~(-1),Cu为(11.42±8.75)μg·g~(-1),Pb为(1.64±2.12)μg·g~(-1),Zn为(121.20±106.59)μg·g~(-1),与国内外其他地区相比,上海市居民这4种重金属的污染水平较低.单因素方差分析(one-way ANOVA)表明,Pb和Cd含量的高值集中于0~10岁儿童,且与其他年龄段有显著差异,说明儿童较容易受到Pb和Cd的污染;利用样本数据进行反距离加权插值(IDW),得到上海市居民头发中4种重金属含量的空间分布规律,其中发Pb和发Cd含量呈现出由市区向郊区递减的变化特征.
[Abstract]:The hair samples of 84 residents aged from 0 to 80 years old from 15 districts of Shanghai (excluding Chongming County) were collected. The contents of four heavy metals in hair of Shanghai residents were analyzed, such as CD _ (2 +), Cu _ (2 +), Cu _ (2 +), Pb _ (2 +) and Zn ~ (2 +) (Zn ~ (2 +)) and Zn ~ (2 +) ~ (2 +). The results showed that the average contents of four heavy metals in the hair of Shanghai residents were 0.11 卤0.19) 渭 g 路g / g ~ (-1) Cu = 11.42 卤8.75) 渭 g 路g / g ~ (-1) Pb = 1.64 卤2.12) 渭 g 路g ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1), which was 121.20 卤106.59 渭 g 路g ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1), compared with that in other regions at home and abroad. The pollution level of these four heavy metals in Shanghai residents was low. One-way ANOVA showed that the high concentration of Pb and CD in children aged 0 ~ 10 years was significantly different from that of other age groups, indicating that children were more susceptible to Pb and CD pollution. The spatial distribution of four kinds of heavy metals in hair of Shanghai residents was obtained by using inverse distance weighted interpolation (IDW) with sample data. The contents of Pb and CD in hair decreased from urban area to suburb.
【作者单位】：华东师范大学地理科学学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(No.41473094);国家自然科学基金人才培养项目(No.J1310028)资助科技基础性工作专项(No.2014FY210600) 上海市自然科学基金项目(No.14ZR1412100)~~
【分类号】：X503.1;X838

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