生物质炭对有机污染物的吸附及机理研究进展

发布时间：2018-02-13 05:23

本文关键词： 生物质炭有机污染物吸附特性吸附机理　出处：《土壤学报》2017年06期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：生物质炭是一种利用废弃生物质材料在缺氧或厌氧环境中热化学转换制备的多孔级富碳固体材料。因其吸附能力强,制备原料来源广泛,生产成本低且环境友好等优点受到学术界越来越多的关注。探究生物质炭对有机污染物的吸附机理和规律,对于评估其环境行为和应用价值至关重要。着重综述了目前研究报道的生物质炭吸附有机污染物的吸附机理,包括分配作用、表面吸附作用和孔隙截留等。一般低温生物质炭对非极性有机物的吸附机制以分配作用为主,这种非竞争性吸附机理可以解释高浓度有机污染物在生物质炭上的吸附过程。表面吸附是一种非线性竞争性吸附作用,是有机污染物在生物质炭表面有效吸附位点上形成静电作用或通过氢键、离子建、π-π相互作用等结合的过程。孔隙截留是另一种生物质炭固定有机污染物的微观机制,有机污染物在孔隙内部的分配和吸附也是生物质炭吸附能力的重要体现。而在实际复杂的污染环境中,各类生物质炭对有机污染物的吸附过程需要多种机制共同解释。此外,本文对吸附机制的影响因素进行了分析和总结,生物质炭自身理化特性决定了其应用价值,生物质炭的性质与有机污染物的极性、芳香性和分子大小等相匹配才能更好地实现吸附固定,不同的吸附环境如吸附介质、p H和共存离子等也会对吸附机制和吸附效果产生影响。最后,文章进一步探讨了生物质炭吸附有机污染相关研究未来应着重解决的问题,以及生物质炭在有机污染土壤修复中的应用前景。
[Abstract]:Biomass carbon is a kind of porous carbon-rich solid material which is prepared by thermochemical conversion of waste biomass materials in anoxic or anaerobic environment. The advantages of low production cost and environmental friendliness have attracted more and more attention in academic circles. It is very important to evaluate its environmental behavior and application value. The adsorption mechanism, including partitioning, of organic pollutants adsorbed by biomass carbon, which has been reported at present, is reviewed in this paper. Surface adsorption and pore retention etc. The adsorption mechanism of low temperature biomass carbon for non-polar organic matter is mainly partitioning. The mechanism of noncompetitive adsorption can explain the adsorption process of high concentration organic pollutants on biomass carbon. Surface adsorption is a nonlinear competitive adsorption. It is the process of organic pollutants forming electrostatic interaction on the surface of biomass carbon or binding through hydrogen bond, ion building, 蟺-蟺 interaction, etc. Pore interception is another microscopic mechanism of biomass carbon immobilization of organic pollutants. The distribution and adsorption of organic pollutants in the pores is also an important embodiment of the adsorption capacity of biomass carbon. In the actual complex pollution environment, the adsorption process of organic pollutants by various biomass carbon needs to be explained by various mechanisms. In this paper, the influencing factors of adsorption mechanism are analyzed and summarized. The physical and chemical properties of biomass carbon determine its application value, the properties of biomass carbon and the polarity of organic pollutants. In order to match the aromaticity and molecular size, adsorption fixation can be achieved better. Different adsorption environments such as adsorption medium pH and coexisting ions will also affect the adsorption mechanism and adsorption effect. In this paper, the problems that should be solved in the future and the application prospect of biomass carbon in the remediation of organic contaminated soil were discussed.
【作者单位】：土壤环境与污染修复重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所);中国科学院大学;
【基金】：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2014CB441105) 国家自然科学基金项目(41671236) 中国科学院“一三五”计划与领域前沿项目(ISSASIP1614)共同资助~~
【分类号】：X53

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