生态环境损害社会化救济制度研究

发布时间：2018-02-16 14:43

本文关键词： 生态环境损害社会化救济制度环境责任保险基金　出处：《甘肃政法学院》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：甘肃武威荣华公司沙漠排污案引起了本文的关注,其焦点在于沙漠生态环境修复是否能实现。事实上,后期的治理和修复费用极其昂贵,单纯让该公司履行相关责任,其终究会以不堪重负而以破产告终,沙漠生态系统的恢复问题最终得不到解决。由于生态环境是公共物品,本文认为:在坚持公众参与、损害者担责原则的基础上,对其应进行社会化制度救济,主要以保险制度和基金制度为主。在我国关于生态环境损害的保险制度和基金制度,在实践中取得了显著的成绩,但是依然存在诸多问题。从立法方面来讲,缺乏基本法的规定,存在漏洞。从实践方面来讲,这两项制度共同存在的问题是:地区差异极大,呈现出了不平衡。在保险制度方面,存在的问题是:市场作用有限、企业投保积极性不高、保险公司不愿承包等;在基金制度方面:存在着财务信息透明度不高、基金会法律地位不明确、资金来源有限等问题;基于这些问题,本文提出,在立法方面,关于这两项制度应加强立法,使其有法可依,同时增强法律间的协同性,完善法律体系,减少法律漏洞。在实践方面,应充分发挥市场和政府的调控作用,加强政策优势,鼓励落后地区大力发展,缩小差距。关于保险制度,应加强配套制度的建立、支持第三方服务机构的发展;关于基金制度,应加强监督,实现财务信息100%的透明度、确立基金会的独立法人地位、资金来源多元化等。
[Abstract]:The desert sewage case of Wuwei Rong Hua Company in Gansu Province has attracted the attention of this paper, which focuses on whether the restoration of desert ecological environment can be realized. In fact, the cost of management and restoration in the later period is extremely expensive, and the company is simply allowed to perform its related responsibilities. After all, it will end in bankruptcy, and the restoration of desert ecosystem will not be solved. As the ecological environment is a public good, this paper holds that: on the basis of the principle of public participation and liability for damage, Social system relief should be carried out, mainly insurance system and fund system. In our country, the insurance system and fund system about ecological environment damage have made remarkable achievements in practice. But there are still many problems. In terms of legislation, there is a lack of provisions in the basic Law and there are loopholes. In practice, the common problems of the two systems are: there are great regional differences. In the insurance system, the problems are: limited role of the market, low enthusiasm for insurance, reluctance of insurance companies to contract, etc. In the aspect of fund system, there is not high transparency of financial information. On the basis of the unclear legal status of the Foundation and the limited sources of funding, it is proposed that, in the legislative context, the two systems should strengthen legislation so that it can be governed by the law and at the same time enhance the synergy between laws. Improve the legal system and reduce the legal loopholes. In practice, we should give full play to the regulatory role of the market and the government, strengthen the policy advantages, encourage the development of backward areas, and narrow the gap. With regard to the insurance system, we should strengthen the establishment of supporting systems. To support the development of the third party service organizations, we should strengthen the supervision of the fund system, realize the transparency of financial information 100%, establish the independent legal person status of the foundation, and diversify the sources of funds, etc.
【学位授予单位】：甘肃政法学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.68

【相似文献】