中国各省环境效率及环境效率幻觉分析

发布时间：2018-02-22 05:56

本文关键词： 影子价格环境效率环境效率幻觉固定效应　出处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2017年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：为了更准确地了解我国经济发展质量,深刻理解环境效率的含义,本文以全新视角对中国各省环境效率进行测量、分析。首先,基于中国各省农业和工业生产要素投入、期望产出和非期望产出,利用二次型方向性距离函数和收益函数的对偶关系,测算2011年至2013年中国大陆31个省份污染物的影子价格。其次,利用影子价格衡量污染物减排边际成本的优点,根据世界可持续发展工商理事会(WBCSD)提出的环境效率测度公式,研究各省的环境负荷、环境效率,针对环境效率在衡量经济发展质量过程中的缺陷,提出环境效率幻觉概念,结合二者对全国各省进行综合评判,结果表明:全国范围内的各省环境效率值基本呈逐年递增趋势;整体上环境效率值在东中西部呈递减,但东北各省的环境效率值已普遍低于西南各省,且差距有扩大的趋势;出现环境效率幻觉的省份较少,但随着经济"新常态"的出现,其数量在增加。再次,利用环境效率的上升和环境效率幻觉的下降判断,中国仅二分之一的省份环境质量在真正好转。最后,环境效率影响因素的分析表明:全国范围内,产业结构、人均收入以及对外贸易水平与环境效率正相关,政府规制与环境效率负相关,对各地区的影响却呈现出较大差异;政府规制在东部和中部地区对环境效率具有促进作用,且东部大于中部,而西部地区却存在负效应;产业结构在中部和西部地区对环境效率具有积极的促进作用,且西部大于中部,但是东部地区却存在着负效应;对外贸易的继续增加对东中部地区环境效率具有消极的影响,且东部大于中部,对西部地区环境效率有积极的促进作用。
[Abstract]:In order to understand more accurately the quality of China's economic development and understand the meaning of environmental efficiency, this paper measures and analyzes the environmental efficiency of every province in China from a new perspective. Firstly, based on the input of agricultural and industrial factors of production in various provinces of China, By using the duality of quadratic directional distance function and income function, the shadow price of pollutants from 31 provinces in mainland China from 2011 to 2013 is calculated. Secondly, Using shadow price to measure the marginal cost of pollutant emission reduction, according to the environmental efficiency measurement formula proposed by WBCSD, the environmental load and environmental efficiency of each province are studied. In view of the defects of environmental efficiency in the process of measuring the quality of economic development, the concept of environmental efficiency hallucination is put forward, and the comprehensive evaluation of the whole country's provinces is combined with the two. The results show that the environmental efficiency value of each province in the whole country is increasing year by year; On the whole, the value of environmental efficiency is decreasing in the east, west and west, but the value of environmental efficiency in the northeast provinces is generally lower than that in the southwest provinces, and the gap is widening, the number of provinces with environmental efficiency hallucinations is relatively few, but with the emergence of the "new normal" of the economy, Third, with the rise of environmental efficiency and the decline of environmental efficiency hallucinations, only 1/2 of the provinces in China are really improving their environmental quality. Finally, an analysis of the factors affecting environmental efficiency shows that: nationwide, Industrial structure, per capita income and the level of foreign trade are positively related to environmental efficiency, while government regulation is negatively related to environmental efficiency, but the impact on each region is quite different. Government regulation promotes environmental efficiency in the eastern and central regions, and the eastern part is larger than the central part, while the western region has negative effects, and the industrial structure has a positive role in promoting the environmental efficiency in the central and western regions. The western part is larger than the central part, but the eastern region has negative effect, and the increasing of foreign trade has a negative effect on the environmental efficiency of the eastern and central region, and the eastern part is larger than the central part, which has a positive effect on the environmental efficiency of the western region.
【作者单位】：湖南大学经济与贸易学院;
【基金】：国家哲学社会科学基金项目“区域环境效率评价体系创新及实证研究”(批准号:13BGL110)
【分类号】：X321

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