青岛市生态环境质量综合评价及改善对策研究

发布时间：2018-02-27 19:41

本文关键词： 生态环境质量指标体系主成分分析法　出处：《青岛大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：城市生态环境质量水平的高低不仅关系到城市的经济建设、社会公平和生态和谐,更是对城市的可持续发展有决定性的影响作用。“十三五”时期,山东省更加重视生态文明城市的建设,因此人们也更为关注对生态环境质量的评价。为了对城市生态环境质量有更深的认识,研究城市各方面的发展状况和趋势,为城市的未来发展方向提供有效依据,本文选取山东省最具经济活力的青岛市为研究对象,以“社会一经济一自然复合生态系统”的生态学理论为基础,借鉴国内外具有代表性的评价指标体系,从经济、社会、环境三个方向构建青岛市生态环境质量评价指标体系,同时在每个准则层下又分出若干个要素层以得到更为全面的评价结果。评价方法采用主成分分析法,首先分别计算经济、社会和环境三个子系统的生态环境质量指数得分,根据主成分得分和子系统综合指数得分具体分析城市某个方面的发展状况,再计算青岛市城市生态环境质量综合得分,从而对城市整体生态环境质量发展优劣状况进行评价。根据评价得分结果,计算经济-社会-环境发展耦合协调度来进行协调性分析,同时通过多元回归模型,计算各子系统对青岛市整体生态环境质量的贡献度。通过主成分分析得到的综合得分可以看出青岛市生态环境质量在2000-2015年十六年间总体上是上升的,处于良性发展之中。从各子系统来看,经济发展速度和发展规模都处于持续稳步上升状态,但在经济可持续性方面要进一步加大污染治理和科研经费的投入力度;社会发展总体上呈上升趋势,居民生活水平稳步提升,但人口结构上从2009年开始出现了老龄化现象;环境发展并不稳定,雾霾、工业固体排放物等因素影响了青岛市的整体环境质量水平,使得近几年青岛市环境质量有所下降。根据协调性和贡献度分析,可以看出青岛市的经济-社会-环境耦合协调度在2000-2004年间处于轻度失调阶段,2005-2009年间处于一般协调阶段,2010-2015年间处于初步协调阶段,在城市整体建设中经济建设的贡献度最大,起到主导因素的作用,社会发展的贡献度最低。总体上,青岛市生态环境质量发展良好,但是社会和环境的发展跟不上经济发展的速度,协调性有待进一步加强。据此提出优化产业结构、促进经济环境协调融合发展、加大环保力度等对策建议。
[Abstract]:The quality of urban ecological environment is not only related to the economic construction, social equity and ecological harmony, but also has a decisive effect on the sustainable development of the city. Shandong Province pays more attention to the construction of ecological civilization city, so people pay more attention to the evaluation of ecological environment quality. In order to provide an effective basis for the future development of the city, this paper selects Qingdao, which is the most economically active city in Shandong Province, as the research object, based on the ecological theory of "Socio-economic-natural complex ecosystem". Based on the representative evaluation index system at home and abroad, the evaluation index system of ecological environment quality in Qingdao is constructed from three directions: economy, society and environment. At the same time, a number of element layers are divided under each criterion layer to obtain more comprehensive evaluation results. The evaluation method adopts principal component analysis to calculate the score of eco-environmental quality index of three subsystems of economy, society and environment, respectively. According to the principal component score and subsystem comprehensive index score, the development of a certain aspect of the city is analyzed, and the comprehensive score of urban ecological environment quality in Qingdao is calculated. According to the evaluation results, the coordination analysis is carried out by calculating the coupling coordination degree of economic, social and environmental development, at the same time, through the multivariate regression model, The contribution of each subsystem to the whole ecological environment quality of Qingdao is calculated. The comprehensive score obtained by principal component analysis shows that the ecological environment quality of Qingdao city rose in general from 2000 to 16. From the view of each subsystem, the speed and scale of economic development are rising steadily, but in the aspect of economic sustainability, we should further increase the investment of pollution control and scientific research funds; On the whole, the social development is on the rise, the living standard of the residents is improving steadily, but the population structure has been aging since 2009, the environmental development is not stable, haze, Industrial solid emissions and other factors have affected the overall environmental quality level of Qingdao, resulting in a decline in environmental quality in Qingdao in recent years. According to the analysis of coordination and contribution, It can be seen that the degree of economic, social and environmental coupling and coordination in Qingdao is in a mild maladjustment period from 2000 to 2004. During 2005-2009, it is in the initial coordination stage in the general coordination stage, and the contribution of economic construction is the largest in the overall urban construction. In general, the quality of the ecological environment in Qingdao has developed well, but the development of society and environment has not kept pace with the pace of economic development. The coordination needs to be further strengthened. On the basis of this, some countermeasures and suggestions are put forward, such as optimizing the industrial structure, promoting the harmonious development of the economic environment, and increasing the intensity of environmental protection.
【学位授予单位】：青岛大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X821;X321

【参考文献】