新生相混合氢氧化物对三元复合驱采出水的处理研究

发布时间：2018-03-09 19:50

  本文选题：三元复合驱采出水　切入点：白泥浸出液　出处：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文试图寻求一种经济、高效、环保的方法去除三元复合驱采出水中的乳化油。将制碱工业废渣白泥作为处理剂,经盐酸酸浸后得到白泥浸出液,将所得浸出液投加到三元复合驱采出水中原位生成新生相混合氢氧化物,利用新生相氢氧化物粒径小、表面自由能高和表面电荷密度高的特点原位处理三元复合驱采出水。通过X射线荧光技术(XRF)对白泥粉末进行分析,确定其主要化学组成;利用高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)对新生相混合氢氧化物吸附前后形貌进行观察,分析吸附前后微观形貌的变化的原因;利用X射线衍射技术(XRD)对吸附前后的混合氢氧化物晶体结构进行分析,确定主要物相组成;通过傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)对吸附前后混合氢氧化物表面官能团进行分析,确定表面化学组成;通过Zeta电位分析新生相混合氢氧化物带电性及电荷密度进行分析表征。在碱性条件下,向三元复合驱采出水中投加白泥浸出液,研究了白泥浸出液的投加量、体系初始pH值、接触时间以及反应温度对乳化油去除率的影响,并结合热力学分析与表征手段进一步探讨了白泥浸出液去除乳化油机理。研究结果表明:(1)XRF结果表明,白泥主要成分为CaO和MgO,此外还含有少量Fe_2O_3和Al_2O_3。通过HRTEM和XRD测得新生相混合氢氧化物主要由Ca(OH)_2和Mg(OH)_2纳米颗粒组成,新生相混合氢氧化物纳米颗粒通过颗粒间毛细凝聚力形成三维网状结构。(2)白泥经盐酸酸浸处理后得到白泥浸出液,将浸出液投加到三元复合驱采出水中,利用原位生成的混合氢氧化物去除乳化油是切实可行的。处理后沉淀经盐酸溶解后可回收原油,得到的含盐溶液也可作为处理剂循环使用,循环使用次数达到4次以上。(3)利用白泥浸出液处理三元复合驱采出水,当白泥浸出液的投加量为4.0 g/L(以固含量计),三元复合驱采出水初始pH为12.0,接触时间为6 min,反应温度为10℃时,去除效果最佳,去除率可达99%以上。(4)新生相混合氢氧化物吸附乳化油过程中,氢键和静电引力是主要作用力。MOH+/M(OH)2颗粒与颗粒间的毛细凝聚力以及MOH+/M(OH)2颗粒与乳化油之间的毛细粘着力对吸附/共沉淀过程都起到了重要作用。(5)通过热力学计算得到,△G0的数值介于-9.92K J/mol到-7.87 KJ/mol之间,表明新生相混合氢氧化物吸附乳化油过程属于物理吸附,△G0随温度升高增加,表明高温不利于吸附共沉淀的进行;△H00表明吸附共沉淀是放热反应。
[Abstract]:This paper attempts to seek an economical, efficient and environmentally friendly method to remove emulsified oil from the produced water by ASP flooding. The white sludge of alkali making industrial waste is used as the treatment agent, and the leachate of white mud is obtained by acid leaching with hydrochloric acid. The leaching solution was added to the produced water of ASP flooding to produce new mixed hydroxides in situ, and the size of the new phase hydroxide was small. The characteristics of high surface free energy and high surface charge density are in situ treatment of ternary composite flooding effluent. The main chemical composition of white mud powder is determined by X ray fluorescence technique (XRF). High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) was used to observe the morphology of mixed hydroxides before and after adsorption. The crystal structure of mixed hydroxides before and after adsorption was analyzed by X-ray diffraction technique, and the main phase composition was determined, and the surface functional groups of mixed hydroxides before and after adsorption were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The surface chemical composition was determined, the charge property and charge density of new phase mixed hydroxide were analyzed and characterized by Zeta potential analysis. In alkaline condition, white mud leachate was added to the recovery water of ASP flooding. The effects of the dosage of white mud leachate, the initial pH value of the system, the contact time and the reaction temperature on the removal rate of emulsified oil were studied. Combined with thermodynamic analysis and characterization, the mechanism of removing emulsified oil from white mud leachate was further discussed. The main components of the white mud are CaO and MgO, in addition, there are a small amount of Fe_2O_3 and Als _ 2O _ 3.The results of HRTEM and XRD show that the mixed hydroxides are mainly composed of Ca(OH)_2 and Mg(OH)_2 nanoparticles. The neophase mixed hydroxide nanoparticles formed a three-dimensional network structure through the capillary cohesion between the particles. The white mud was treated with hydrochloric acid to obtain the white mud leaching solution. The leaching solution was added to the water produced by the ASP flooding. It is feasible to remove emulsified oil by using in situ mixed hydroxide. After the precipitation is dissolved in hydrochloric acid, the crude oil can be recovered, and the salt-containing solution can also be used as a treatment agent. The recycling times are more than 4 times.) White mud leachate is used to treat the produced water from ASP flooding. When the dosage of white mud leachate is 4.0 g / L (measured by solid content, the initial pH value is 12.0, the contact time is 6 min, the reaction temperature is 10 鈩，

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