废弃办公设备关键部件处理环境影响研究

发布时间：2018-03-11 22:07

本文选题：废弃办公设备　切入点：硒鼓　出处：《中国环境科学》2017年07期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：分析了废弃办公设备关键部件——硒鼓和墨盒的组成.采用层次分析法对硒鼓和墨盒现有处理处置技术进行评价,结果表明硒鼓和墨盒目前国内较为适宜的处理技术均为人工拆解法,评估过程中环境因素和经济效益的权重较高.研究还采用生命周期评价方法,对硒鼓和墨盒处理处置过程对环境的影响进行了评估.评价采用SimPro软件和Eco-indicator99方法进行.评价结果显示硒鼓人工拆解的环境效益为535.2mPt高于该过程产生的环境影响(27.3mPt).环境效益主要来源于对硒鼓中塑料、金属和磁性材料的回收,以及墨粉焚烧过程中热量回收.硒鼓人工拆解过程和危险废物处理会对带来一定环境影响.墨盒人工拆解过程将带来271.0mPt的环境效益以及10.8mPt环境危害,其中环境效益是由塑料回收带来的.清洗用水、清洗试剂的使用等环节带来一定的环境影响.从人体健康、生态质量和资源保护3个指标来看,硒鼓人工拆解过程带来的环境效益,主要体现在减少对人体健康的威胁,比例约为68.4%.墨盒人工拆解带来的环境效益,主要体现在对资源的保护,比例约为84.1%.
[Abstract]:The composition of selenium drum and ink cartridge, a key component of abandoned office equipment, is analyzed. The existing treatment and disposal technology of selenium drum and ink cartridge is evaluated by analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The results show that the most suitable treatment techniques for toner cartridges and cartridges in China are manual disassembly, and the weight of environmental factors and economic benefits in the evaluation process is high. The life cycle evaluation method is also used in the study. The effects of the treatment and disposal of cartridge and cartridge on the environment were evaluated. The evaluation was carried out by SimPro software and Eco-indicator99 method. The results showed that the environmental benefit of manual disassembly of the cartridge was 535.2 mPt higher than that of the environmental impact of 27.3mPtl. Environmental benefits are mainly derived from plastics in selenium cylinders, The recovery of metal and magnetic materials and heat recovery during toner incineration. The artificial disassembly process of selenium drum and the treatment of hazardous waste will bring some environmental effects. The environmental benefits of 271.0 mPt and 10.8 mPt will be brought about by the manual dismantling process of ink cartridge. Among them, the environmental benefit is brought by plastic recycling. The use of cleaning water and cleaning reagent brings some environmental impact. From the three indexes of human health, ecological quality and resource protection, The environmental benefits brought by manual disassembly of selenium drum are mainly reflected in reducing the threat to human health, the proportion is about 68.4. The environmental benefit brought by manual dismantling of ink cartridge is mainly reflected in the protection of resources, the proportion is about 84.1.
【作者单位】：清华大学环境学院;
【基金】：港澳台科技合作专项(2014DFM90170)
【分类号】：X705;X825

【参考文献】