反渗透在华能北京热电厂的应用

发布时间：2018-03-12 11:57

本文选题：二级污水　切入点：反渗透　出处：《华北电力大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着世界人口急剧增长,中国城市化及工业化进程的加快,给水环境治理带来了巨大的压力,水体污染和水资源短缺日益加剧,为了缓解水资源紧张的局面,需寻求清洁水源的替代品。尤其是“水十条”发布后,污水市场迎来了发展新时期。在各种非清洁水源中,城市生活污水深度处理后回用必定是解决水资源短缺问题的最佳途径,发电行业耗水量巨大,研究生活污水回用于发电行业的节水意义重大。本文介绍了华能北京热电厂对84.5MW机组水处理设备改造的情况,此次改造通过反渗透技术将高碑店污水处理厂二级出水回用于北京热电厂锅炉给水。该厂锅炉给水处理系统水源是潮白河向阳闸引来的地表水,处理工艺为预处理加离子交换,设计产水能力为Q=2160 T/H。系统运行过程中消耗大量酸碱、严重污染环境。新系统采水源为高碑店污水处理厂二级污水,处理工艺为超滤反渗透加离子交换除盐,工艺分为包括前置处理及、除盐处理两个步骤过程:前置处理主要用于去除水中的悬浮物、胶体和有机物,保证出水有机物含量及污染指数(SDI)等水质指标满足反渗透及离子交换装置等后续设备进水要求。除盐处理又分为包括预脱盐处理及精脱盐处理两个步骤过程,预脱盐处理主要利用二级反渗透用于脱除水中大部分的无机盐离子即盐分,精脱盐处理主要通过离子交换装置是用于进一步对预脱盐处理水进行进一步脱盐处理。本项目预脱盐主要采用的处理设备为二级反渗透,精脱盐主要采用的处理设备为离子交换装置。通过调试,系统的出水量稳定在每列本项目工艺处理水量为每列150Tt/Hh,可以连续向主厂房供水量最大出力为540T/H,出水水质达到设计要求。一级反渗透系统、二级反渗透系统及离子交换系统的回收率分别为90%,、二级反渗透系统回收率为75%,、离子交换系统的回收率达到90%。出水水质达到设计要求,通过采用新的进水源和反渗透技术的引入,运行成本略有提高,但每年可节约地表水资源1632234吨,废酸和废碱排放量与单用离子交换除盐系统相比减少了90%,大大减少了电厂废酸碱处理量,降低电厂员工劳动强度,一定程度上减轻了北京热电厂废液排放对环境的污染。
[Abstract]:With the rapid growth of the world population and the acceleration of China's urbanization and industrialization, great pressure has been brought to the water environment management, water pollution and water resources shortage are worsening day by day, in order to alleviate the situation of water resources shortage, Need to find alternatives to clean water sources. In particular, after the release of the "Ten articles of Water", the sewage market has ushered in a new era of development. In all kinds of non-clean water sources, The reuse of municipal domestic sewage after advanced treatment must be the best way to solve the problem of water shortage, and the water consumption of power generation industry is huge. It is of great significance to study the water saving of domestic sewage reuse in power generation industry. This paper introduces the retrofit of 84.5MW unit water treatment equipment in Huaneng Beijing Thermal Power Plant. Through reverse osmosis technology, the secondary effluent from Gaobeidian sewage treatment Plant was reused in the boiler feed water of Beijing Thermal Power Plant. The water source of the boiler feedwater treatment system of the plant is the surface water from the Chaobaihe Xiangyang Gate. The treatment process is pretreatment and ion exchange. The designed water production capacity is QF 2160T / H. A large amount of acid and alkali is consumed during the operation of the system, which seriously pollutes the environment. The water source of the new system is Gaobeidian sewage treatment plant secondary sewage, and the treatment process is ultrafiltration reverse osmosis plus ion exchange desalination. The process can be divided into two steps: pretreatment and desalination: the pre-treatment is mainly used to remove suspended matter, colloid and organic matter in water. To ensure that the effluent organic content and pollution index (SDI) and other water quality indexes meet the influent requirements of the follow-up equipment such as reverse osmosis and ion exchange equipment. The desalination process is divided into two steps: predesalting treatment and refined desalting treatment. The pre-desalting treatment mainly uses secondary reverse osmosis to remove most of the inorganic salt ions in water, that is, salt. The refined desalting treatment is mainly used for further desalination of pre-desalting water by ion exchange device. The main treatment equipment used in this project is secondary reverse osmosis. The main treatment equipment used for refined desalting is ion exchange device. The water output of the system is stable at 150 t / h per column, and the maximum output capacity to the main plant can be 540T / H continuously. The effluent quality meets the design requirements. The first stage reverse osmosis system, The recoveries of the secondary reverse osmosis system and the ion exchange system are 90, respectively, the recovery rate of the secondary reverse osmosis system is 75 and the recovery rate of the ion exchange system is 90. The effluent quality meets the design requirements, and through the introduction of new water intake and reverse osmosis technology, The operation cost is slightly increased, but 1632234 tons of surface water resources can be saved each year. Compared with the single ion exchange desalination system, the discharge of waste acid and waste alkali can be reduced by 90%, and the treatment capacity of waste acid and alkali in power plant will be greatly reduced, and the labor intensity of power plant staff will be reduced. To some extent, it alleviates the environmental pollution caused by waste liquid discharged from Beijing thermal power plant.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X703

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