废橡胶超声波与机械法再生机理与实验研究

发布时间：2018-03-21 09:56

本文选题：超声波　切入点：再生机理　出处：《青岛科技大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国橡胶资源匮乏,将再生胶作为废橡胶循环利用的主体,可代替原胶,弥补我国橡胶资源不足,但废橡胶再生技术的研发相对滞后,传统再生技术的高污染、高能耗和产品环保监测不达标以及再生性能不佳,严重制约我国再生胶工业发展。为了解决这些难题,实现废橡胶高效、环保的高值化再生,本文在深入研究现有废橡胶再生技术的机理和应用的基础上,通过查阅大量资料和进行大量的实验研究,提出了将机械剪切与超声波相结合的废橡胶再生技术。本文对超声波与机械法再生机理进行分析,研发了超声波与机械法再生实验机台及核心部件、再生工艺及再生配合剂配方,并进行了大量实验。具体工作如下:1.在对废橡胶现有再生机理深入研究的基础上,深入研究了超声波与机械法再生机理。详实分析了机械解联作用原理、超声波能对废橡胶分子链的作用机理,为超声波与机械法结合的研发思路的提供了理论支持。2.设计了超声波与机械解联相结合的再生技术研究方案,研制了超声波与机械法再生实验机台和适用于废橡胶再生的新型六棱剪切转子。通过超声波发生系统与机械解联系统的上下顶栓有机结合,在保证良好机械解联性能的同时,使超声波的波能作用可以高效的传递到密炼室当中,完成机械解联与超声波的结合,使再生效率大幅提高。3.采用POLYFLOW有限元分析软件对废橡胶在超声波与机械法再生过程中的胶料流动特征进行模拟分析,给出了压力场、速度场、速度矢量场、剪切应力场、粘度场以及混合指数模拟分析结果。模拟结果表明,所研发装备具有强剪切和高分散混合作用,机械剪切解联效果优异,通过模拟分析,进一步优化机台设计。4.深入分析了多种再生配合剂对废橡胶再生的作用机理,进行了大量的实验探究,确定了适于超声波与机械法再生的配合剂种类和添加量。并使用所研制的再生配合剂,对超声波与机械法再生的工艺参数进行实验研究,并确定了最佳工艺参数。开展了采用本文所研发的再生技术制备的再生胶与市售和工厂采用优质再生胶的共混性能对比实验研究,证实了本文再生技术推广应用价值。5.通过检测所制备再生胶的溶胶含量与交联密度,采用Horik理论公式,证实了超声波与机械剪切相配合时废橡胶铰链键可以选择性断链,并验证了超声波作用时间与超声波功率对断键类型的影响。本文的理论分析和实验研究,将为废橡胶的再生指出了新的研究方向,为实现废橡胶高效、低成本、低污染的再生提供了可能,为我国再生胶行业的设备发展、技术更新起到了促进作用,对于将超声波技术运用到的工业化应用中有着重要的指导意义。
[Abstract]:Because of the shortage of rubber resources in China, reclaimed rubber as the main body of waste rubber recycling can replace raw rubber and make up for the shortage of rubber resources in our country. However, the research and development of waste rubber regeneration technology is relatively lagging, and the high pollution of traditional recycling technology. High energy consumption and product environmental protection monitoring are not up to the standard and the regeneration performance is not good, which seriously restricts the development of China's reclaimed rubber industry. In order to solve these problems, the high value recycling of waste rubber with high efficiency and environmental protection can be realized. On the basis of deeply studying the mechanism and application of the existing waste rubber regeneration technology, this paper makes a great deal of research by consulting a lot of data and carrying out a lot of experimental research. In this paper, the mechanism of ultrasonic and mechanical regeneration is analyzed, and the experimental machine and core components of ultrasonic and mechanical regeneration are developed. A lot of experiments were carried out on the regeneration process and the formula of the regenerative compounding agent. The specific work is as follows: 1. On the basis of the deep research on the existing regeneration mechanism of waste rubber, The mechanism of ultrasonic and mechanical regeneration was studied in depth. The mechanism of mechanical dissociation was analyzed in detail, and the mechanism of ultrasonic action on the molecular chain of waste rubber was analyzed in detail. It provides theoretical support for the research and development of the combination of ultrasonic and mechanical method. 2. The research scheme of regeneration technology combined with ultrasonic and mechanical decomposition is designed. An experimental machine for ultrasonic and mechanical regeneration and a new type of hexagonal shearing rotor suitable for waste rubber regeneration were developed. By combining the ultrasonic generating system with the top and bottom plug of the mechanical decoupling system, the good mechanical uncoupling performance was ensured at the same time. So that the wave energy of ultrasonic wave can be transferred to the chamber efficiently, and the combination of mechanical uncoupling and ultrasonic wave can be completed. The flow characteristics of waste rubber during ultrasonic and mechanical regeneration are simulated and analyzed by using POLYFLOW finite element analysis software, and the pressure field, velocity field, velocity vector field and shear stress field are given. The simulation results of viscosity field and mixing index show that the developed equipment has strong shear and high dispersion mixing and excellent mechanical shear uncoupling effect. Further optimize the design of the machine. 4. The mechanism of the regeneration of waste rubber was analyzed, and a large number of experiments were carried out. The types and the amount of the compounding agents suitable for ultrasonic and mechanical regeneration were determined, and the technological parameters of ultrasonic and mechanical regeneration were experimentally studied by using the regenerative coordination agent developed by the paper. And the optimum technological parameters were determined. The comparative experimental study on the blending properties of the reclaimed rubber prepared by the regeneration technology developed in this paper and the high quality reclaimed rubber prepared in the market and in the factory was carried out. It is proved that the regeneration technology in this paper can be popularized and applied. 5. By detecting the sol content and crosslinking density of the reclaimed rubber, using the Horik formula, it is proved that the hinge bond of waste rubber can break the chain selectively when the ultrasonic wave and mechanical shear are combined. The influence of ultrasonic action time and ultrasonic power on broken bond type is verified. The theoretical analysis and experimental study in this paper will point out a new research direction for the regeneration of waste rubber, in order to realize the high efficiency and low cost of waste rubber. The low pollution regeneration provides the possibility for the equipment development and the technological renewal of the reclaimed rubber industry in China. It has important guiding significance for the application of ultrasonic technology in the industrial application.
【学位授予单位】：青岛科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TQ335;X705

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