城镇化流域“源-汇”景观格局对河流氮磷空间分异的影响——以天津于桥水库流域为例

发布时间：2018-03-26 09:24

本文选题：景观格局　切入点：景观空间负荷对比指数　出处：《生态学报》2017年07期

【摘要】：随着流域城镇化的加速,流域城镇化景观格局对流域水质的影响逐渐加剧。以城镇化趋势明显的于桥水库流域为例,基于流域"源-汇"景观特征指数,并结合于桥水库流域2013、2014和2015年33个子流域的水质数据,采用空间分析、相关分析和冗余分析等方法,探讨了在城镇化影响下,于桥水库流域景观特征指数和水质指标的定量关系。结果表明:整个流域从上游到下游呈现"汇"景观面积减小,"源"景观面积增大的趋势,居民建设用地面积比在中下游子流域达34.6%,"汇"型景观中林地面积为33.5%;景观空间负荷对比指数(LWLI)全局Moran′s I的值为0.637,P0.01,在空间上存在趋于集群的现象,LWLI高-高聚集区与城镇化集中区域具有一致性。LWLI与流域氮、磷空间分布存在极显著的相关性,平水期TN与LWLI的复相关系数R_2为0.811,丰水期LWLI与TP的复相关系数R_2为0.741;子流域所有水质参数NH_4~+-N、TN、NO_3~--N、TP及LWLI均集中在同一象限,与其它景观特征指数相比,LWLI对河流中氮、磷的影响最大。城镇居民用地与水质指标存在极显著的相关性,是流域水质污染重要的贡献源。流域城镇化发展中,建议提高村镇的景观连通性,便于污染物集中处理,同时增加林地、草地面积,改善流域的生态水文功能。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of urbanization, the impact of watershed urbanization landscape pattern on watershed water quality is gradually aggravated. Taking Yuqiao reservoir basin with obvious urbanization trend as an example, based on the "source-sink" landscape characteristic index, Combined with the water quality data of 33 sub-basins in Yuqiao Reservoir Basin in 20132014 and 2015, spatial analysis, correlation analysis and redundancy analysis were used to explore the impact of urbanization. The quantitative relationship between landscape characteristic index and water quality index of Yuqiao reservoir basin. The results show that the landscape area of "sink" decreases and the landscape area of "source" increases from upstream to downstream. The area ratio of residential construction land is 34.6in the sub-watershed of middle and lower reaches, the area of woodland in "sink" landscape is 33.5am, the value of global Moran's I of landscape spatial load contrast index is 0.637u P0.01. the phenomenon that there is a tendency to cluster in space is similar to that of high concentration area of LWLI and high concentration of LWLI. The concentration area of urbanization has the consistency of. LWLI and river basin nitrogen. There is a very significant correlation between phosphorus spatial distribution, the complex correlation coefficient R2 between TN and LWLI is 0.811 in plain season, and the complex correlation coefficient R2 between LWLI and TP in high water season is 0.741.The total water quality parameters of subbasin are NH4- Nnnnn3- and LWLI, all of which are concentrated in the same quadrant. Compared with other landscape characteristic indices, LWLI has the greatest influence on nitrogen and phosphorus in rivers. There is a very significant correlation between urban land use and water quality index, which is an important contribution source of water pollution in river basin. It is suggested to improve the landscape connectivity of villages and towns, facilitate the centralized treatment of pollutants, increase the area of woodland and grassland, and improve the ecological and hydrological function of the watershed.
【作者单位】：天津师范大学城市与环境科学学院;滨州学院山东省黄河三角州生态环境重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(31270510,41301221) 滨州学院博士基金项目(2014Y02,2014Y14)
【分类号】：X52;P901

【相似文献】