北京市区车辆热排放及其对小气候的影响

发布时间：2018-03-28 07:37

  本文选题：交通指数　切入点：交通密度　出处：《生态学报》2017年03期

【摘要】：快速城市化导致城市热岛效应不断加剧,超大城市的车辆排热是影响城市热环境的重要因素之一。以北京五环区域为研究区,通过交通指数、交通密度、道路长度等指标计算了交通道路排热强度,辨识出北京市区街道尺度上车辆排热的时空动态规律;选择典型位点对小气候特征进行流动与连续监测,构建空间与时间序列上车辆排热与小气候特征的定量关系。结果表明,交通排热强度呈现辐射状空间分布,市区平均排热强度为8.6—10.8 W/m~2,三环内地区达32.2—53.9 W/m~2,白天平均排热强度约为夜间的2—10倍,且早晚高峰期排热强度最大,非工作日的排热空间特征同工作日并无明显差异;主要道路的温差同08:00时的交通排热相关性最显著,温差增幅为0.91℃/10 W/m~2;车辆排热与道路草地监测点的温差有显著正相关关系,温差增幅约为0.15℃/10 W/m~2,且排热对其温差有约10—20分钟的滞后效应。车辆排热的时空动态研究有助于科学规划城市道路和景观,改善城市热环境。
[Abstract]:Rapid urbanization leads to the increasing effect of urban heat island. Vehicle heat emission is one of the important factors that affect the urban thermal environment in megacities. Taking the five rings of Beijing as the study area, traffic index, traffic density, The road length and other indexes are used to calculate the heat intensity of the traffic road, to identify the space-time dynamic law of the vehicle heat emission on the street scale in Beijing, and to select the typical sites to carry out the flow and continuous monitoring of the microclimate characteristics. The quantitative relationship between vehicle heat emission and microclimate characteristics in space and time series is established. The results show that the intensity of traffic heat emission is radiative spatial distribution. The average heat discharge intensity in urban area was 8.6-10.8 W / m ~ (2), in the third ring area 32.2-53.9 W / m ~ (2), the average heat discharge intensity in daytime was about 2-10 times of that in night, and the peak heat discharge intensity in the morning and evening was the highest, and the spatial characteristics of non-working day heat discharge were not significantly different from that of the working day. The temperature difference of the main road is the most significant correlation with the traffic heat discharge at 08:00, the increase of the temperature difference is 0.91 鈩，

本文编号：1675384