中国农村生活垃圾问题的生成机制与治理研究

发布时间：2018-03-31 08:28

本文选题：农村生活垃圾　切入点：治理困境　出处：《中国农业大学学报(社会科学版)》2017年02期

【摘要】：文明的高度如同木桶定律那样,取决于其短板而非长处。作为现代文明的副产品,垃圾问题虽然像梦魇一般纠缠于我们生活的方方面面,却是那块不被关注的短板。伴随着多年经济高速增长,再加上近年来大举推进的以内需为主导的经济发展路线,中国大众消费社会的形成已使这块短板凸显了出来。大量生产、大量消费、大量废弃的模式所产生的生活垃圾,作为现代文明之病已从城市快速渗透到广袤的,拥有庞大人口基数的农村地区。当农民完全被纳入大众消费社会之时,不可持续的社会模式就不可能逆转,也是现代文明崩溃的起点。对于此问题的研究,迄今大都集中在垃圾问题的分类、回收再利用等技术和经济层面的探索上,但散乱的垃圾处理和生活垃圾的日常性取决于农村空间的再造和村民主体意识的重建。因此,文章基于农村地区的调研,从被裹挟于现代化浪潮的村民和村落治理的角度来解读垃圾问题的形成机制和治理困境,在此基础上从以下三个层面探讨一条综合治理的途径,即共助体系的形成。一是发展社会导向的政策与退耕还林模式的公助;二是基于公共性互助纽带的重建;三是通过乡土教育来推动村民的自助和对乡土价值的重新认识。
[Abstract]:The height of civilization, like the law of buckets, depends on its imperfections rather than its strengths. As a byproduct of modern civilization, the problem of garbage, though engulfed in every aspect of our lives like a nightmare, But it is the unconcerned one. With years of rapid economic growth and the domestic demand-led economic development line, the formation of a mass consumer society in China has made this short board stand out. Mass production. As a disease of modern civilization, the disease of modern civilization has rapidly infiltrated into the vast rural areas with a large population base. When farmers were fully integrated into the mass consumer society, Unsustainable social models cannot be reversed and are the starting point for the collapse of modern civilization. So far, much of the research on this issue has focused on the technical and economic aspects of garbage classification, recycling and reuse. But the scattered garbage disposal and the daily life garbage depend on the reconstruction of the rural space and the main body consciousness of the villagers. Therefore, the article is based on the research in the rural areas. From the perspective of villagers and village governance who are trapped in the wave of modernization, this paper explains the formation mechanism and management dilemma of the garbage problem, and on this basis discusses a way of comprehensive management from the following three levels. That is to say, the formation of co-aid system, first, the development of social-oriented policy and public aid for returning cropland to forest; second, the reconstruction based on the public mutual aid link; third, the promotion of villagers' self-help and a new understanding of the local value through local education.
【作者单位】：吉林大学哲学社会学院社会学系;
【基金】：国家社科基金一般项目“中国农村垃圾问题对村民生活结构的影响研究”(课题号为15BSH081)资助的阶段性成果
【分类号】：X799.3

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