基于地质灾害敏感性的山地生态安全格局构建——以云南省玉溪市为例

发布时间：2018-04-01 08:06

本文选题：生态安全格局　切入点：地质灾害敏感性　出处：《应用生态学报》2017年02期

【摘要】：区域生态安全格局构建作为景观生态学的研究热点之一,为区域可持续发展和国土生态屏障建设提供了重要途径,尤其对于灾害频发、生态脆弱的滇中地区,其能够有效规避自然灾害、促进区域生态系统和社会经济系统协调发展.本文以玉溪市为例,针对区域生态环境基底特征,选取水源涵养、固碳释氧、土壤保持和生物多样性等生态系统服务评估自然生境重要性,综合考虑单一类型生态系统服务质量和多功能性识别生态源地;并采用地质灾害敏感性修正基于地类赋值的基本阻力面,运用最小累积阻力模型识别生态廊道,从而构建玉溪市生态安全格局.结果表明:玉溪市生态源地斑块数量为81个,占玉溪市土地总面积的38.4%,与各级自然保护区重合率达75.2%,主要分布在市域西部的山林地和东部的湖泊湿地区域;玉溪市生态廊道总长度1642.04 km,呈"一横三纵"的空间分布格局,沿河谷、断陷盆地等植被覆盖较好的区域延伸.本文针对滇中山地生态脆弱区地质灾害频发特征,构建山地生态安全格局,对于区域山地开发与生态保护能够提供决策指引.
[Abstract]:As one of the research hotspots in landscape ecology, the construction of regional ecological security pattern provides an important way for regional sustainable development and the construction of land ecological barrier, especially for the central Yunnan region, where disasters occur frequently and ecology is fragile. It can effectively avoid natural disasters and promote the coordinated development of regional ecosystem and social economic system. This paper takes Yuxi City as an example to select water conservation, carbon sequestration and oxygen release according to the basic characteristics of regional ecological environment. Assessing the importance of natural habitats for ecosystem services such as soil conservation and biodiversity, taking into account the quality of service of a single type of ecosystem and multifunctional identification of ecological sources; The sensitivity of geological hazards was used to modify the basic resistance surface based on the ground assignment, and the minimum cumulative resistance model was used to identify the ecological corridor, thus the ecological security pattern of Yuxi was constructed. The results showed that the number of patches in the ecological source area of Yuxi was 81. It accounts for 38.4% of the total land area of Yuxi, and the coincidence rate with all levels of nature reserves is 75.2. It is mainly distributed in the mountainous forest land in the western part of the city and the lake wetland area in the east, and the total length of the ecological corridor in Yuxi is 1642.04 km, showing a spatial distribution pattern of "one horizontal, three vertical". According to the characteristics of frequent geological disasters in the ecologically fragile region of central Yunnan, the structure of mountain ecological security pattern can provide decision guidance for regional mountain development and ecological protection.
【作者单位】：北京大学城市与环境学院地表过程分析与模拟教育部重点实验室;北京大学深圳研究生院城市规划与设计学院城市人居环境科学与技术重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41271195)资助~~
【分类号】：P694;X171.4

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