含油污泥无害化处理技术研究

发布时间：2018-04-03 03:27

  本文选题：含油污泥　切入点：聚合物驱三次采油　出处：《东北石油大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：油田含油污泥的组成成分极其复杂,一般由水包油、油包水以及悬浮固体杂质组成,是一种极其稳定的悬浮乳状液体系,含有大量的老化原油、腊质、沥青质、胶体、固体悬浮物、细菌、盐类、酸性气体、腐蚀产物等,还包括生产过程中投加的大量絮凝剂、缓蚀剂、阻垢剂、杀菌剂等水处理剂。另外,大庆油田实施聚合物驱三次采油,油田聚合物含油污泥所含化学成分中还包含弱酸低温胶联剂、聚丙烯酰胺硫化物等。由于含油污泥中含有硫化物、苯系物、酚类、蒽、芘等有恶臭的有毒有害物质,而且原油中所含的某些烃类物质具有致癌、致畸、致突变作用,油田含油污泥已被列为危险固体废弃物(HW08),纳入危险废物进行管理。符合环境要求的污泥最终处置方式有多种,包括安全填埋、土地利用、焚烧、制造建材等。污泥具有较高含量的有机物,可以通过直接(如焚烧)或间接(如填埋收集造气)的方式产生热量而加以利用。油田油泥被认定为危险废物,不能进行土地利用,在制造建材方面也受到限制。因此可能出路一直是安全填埋和焚烧。本文通过对萨北油田含油污泥组分分析、研究其组分和特性、确定了以焚烧方式处理萨北油田含油污泥的处理方式,并验证了其可行性,制定了含油污泥焚烧处理项目建议书
[Abstract]:The composition of oily sludge in oil fields is extremely complex, generally consisting of oil in water, oil in oil and impurities in suspended solids. It is an extremely stable suspension emulsion system containing a large amount of aged crude oil, wax, asphaltene, and colloid.Solid suspensions, bacteria, salts, acid gases, corrosion products, and so on, including a large number of flocculants, corrosion inhibitors, scale inhibitors, bactericides and other water treatment agents.In addition, polymer flooding was carried out in Daqing Oilfield, and the chemical composition of oily sludge contained weak acid, polyacrylamide sulphide and so on.Because the oily sludge contains sulfides, benzene series, phenols, anthracene, pyrene and other toxic and harmful substances, and some hydrocarbons in crude oil have carcinogenic, teratogenic and mutagenic effects.Oilfield oily sludge has been classified as hazardous solid waste (HW08), which is included in hazardous waste management.There are a variety of final disposal methods for sludge, including safe landfill, land use, incineration, manufacture of building materials, etc.Sludge has a high level of organic matter and can be utilized by generating heat directly (e.g. incineration) or indirectly (e.g. landfill gas collection).Oil-field mud is considered hazardous waste, can not be used for land, and is restricted in the manufacture of building materials.So the possible way out has always been safe landfill and incineration.In this paper, the composition and characteristics of oily sludge in Sabei Oilfield are analyzed, and the treatment method of treating oily sludge in Sabei Oilfield by incineration is determined, and its feasibility is verified, and the project proposal for incineration treatment of oily sludge is made.
【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X741
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本文编号：1703433