固定化光合细菌消减水体污染物的室内模拟研究

发布时间：2018-04-04 04:28

  本文选题：固定化　切入点：光合细菌　出处：《西南科技大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：基于水体富营养化严重,水体的生态功能降低,底泥作为净化水体的二次污染源,水体底泥同步治理的重要性与固定化微生物技术的研究。本文的研究以特异性光合细菌为主体,采用几种载体材料与方法将其固定,室内模拟固定化光合细菌对水体与底泥中有机物、氮、磷的去除,研究了不同环境因素与人为因素对去除效果的影响。确定了主要的应用条件及控制参数,为固定化光合细菌技术在湖泊、水库水体修复中的应用提供理论和技术依据。主要实验结论如下:(1)论文研究对象光合细菌菌株多为短杆状或卵圆形,宽0.5-0.9μm,长1.2-2.0μm,无芽孢,无荚膜,单极鞭毛,可运动。培养一段时间后仍形态完整,表面光滑,分散较好,无团聚。固定化载体材料多为多孔无毒矿物,具有较好的吸附性能和生物相容性。(2)光合细菌生长特性研究中发现,固定化光合细菌适宜生长条件与游离光合细菌一致,均为30℃,p H 7-9,光照无氧。光合细菌经固定化后生长活性与生长速率稍低于光合细菌悬液。光合细菌浓缩液与固定化颗粒水质净化最优工艺条件:投加量20g·L-1,投加频率4d·time-1,温度30℃,完全光照,此时对水体中COD、NH3-N、TP的去除效果最高达到了80%左右。固定化后其适宜温度范围有所扩大,25-30℃均具有较好的效果。(3)光合细菌经无机载体固定化后细菌仍能保持原有形态,作用一段时间后,上覆水中可检测出大量光合细菌,未发生明显变异。固定化光合细菌投入底泥后迅速扩散,在底泥与上覆水之间的形成明显的分层现象。分为上覆水层、底泥层与底泥和上覆水之间形成的一层较厚的微生物隔离层,实现光合细菌在水体的定殖。固定化颗粒在投加量为20g·L-1,投加频率为4d·time-1时,对底泥上覆水中的有机物、氨氮和总磷的去除效果最好。且固定化颗粒在去除底泥上覆水中有机物、氨氮和总磷的同时能消减底泥量。底泥消减量随着投加量的增加而增大,在15g·L-1时对底泥量的消减效果最明显。
[Abstract]:Based on the serious eutrophication of water body and the decrease of ecological function of water body, sediment as a secondary pollution source of purifying water body, the importance of simultaneous treatment of water sediment and the study of immobilized microorganism technology.In this paper, the specific photosynthetic bacteria were used as the main body and immobilized by several carrier materials and methods. The removal of organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus in water and sediment was simulated by immobilized photosynthetic bacteria in laboratory.The effects of different environmental factors and human factors on the removal efficiency were studied.The main application conditions and control parameters were determined, which provided the theoretical and technical basis for the application of immobilized photosynthetic bacteria technology in the restoration of lakes and reservoirs.The main results were as follows: (1) the photosynthetic bacteria were mostly short rod or oval, 0.5-0.9 渭 m in width, 1.2-2.0 渭 m in length, no spore, no capsule, unipolar flagella, movable.After being cultured for a period of time, the shape is intact, the surface is smooth, the dispersion is better, and there is no agglomeration.The immobilized carrier materials are mostly porous nontoxic minerals, which have good adsorption performance and biocompatibility. It is found that the suitable growth conditions of immobilized photosynthetic bacteria are consistent with those of free photosynthetic bacteria.All of them were 30 鈩，

本文编号：1708368