植物、微生物对氮的吸收利用比较及微生物群落解析

发布时间：2018-04-10 11:39

本文选题：植物 + 微生物　；参考：《中国农村水利水电》2017年11期

【摘要】：为了更深入地了解植物、微生物对N去除的贡献及两者联合作用的机理,通过构建室内模拟系统对N在包含植物、微生物的完整生态体系中迁移转化的定量研究进行了拓展,利用Illumina平台高通量测序技术对NH_4~+-N浓度为400 mg/L的微生物、空白组中微生物群落结构和多样性进行分析。结果显示,植物、微生物对NH_4~+-N浓度降低的贡献大小为:植物+微生物植物微生物组,降低量分别为25.01~39.97、11.88~39.96、4.62~8.97 mg,植物+微生物、植物组主要通过反硝化作用和植物吸收去除N,其中反硝化作用贡献最大,为49%~79%,植物吸收占15%~37%;微生物组主要通过反硝化和同化作用来实现,分别为51%~62%、26%~36%。植物+微生物组中植物对N的吸收量均大于植物组,且所有组植物地上部含N量大于根;反硝化作用能力大小:植物+微生物植物微生物组;微生物同化作用利用N能力大小:植物+微生物微生物植物组。在门和属分类水平上,微生物组细菌存在16个门和105个属,优势菌群有Proteobacteria、Acidobacteria门,相对丰度分别占细菌群落的70.74%、26.72%,优势属包括Burkholderia、Rhodanobacter和Rhizobium,相对丰度分别为30.78%、23.56%和1.37%,Psedomonas、Bacillus属也被检测到,Rhodanobacter属可在缺氧条件下将NO_3~-、NO_2~-和N_2O还原为N_2,Rhizobium、Psedomonas、Bacillus属具有异养硝化好氧反硝化功能;微生物组真菌由25个属组成,其中相对丰度分别占群落18.16%、2.83%的优势菌Gibberella、Talaromyces能够进行反硝化作用产生N_2O或NO,Penicillium、Kluyveromyces、Rhizopus、Alternaria、Fusarium等具有产生N_2O能力的菌属也被检测到,微生物对N的去除主要依靠异养硝化和有氧条件下的反硝化。
[Abstract]:In order to understand more deeply the contribution of microorganisms to N removal and the mechanism of their combined action, the quantitative study of N migration and transformation in a complete ecological system containing plants and microorganisms was expanded by building an indoor simulation system.High-throughput sequencing technique based on Illumina platform was used to analyze the microbial community structure and diversity in the blank group with NH4- N concentration of 400 mg/L.The results showed that the contribution of plant and microorganism to the decrease of NH4- N concentration was as follows: plant microorganism, plant microorganism group, the decreasing amount of plant microorganism was 25.01 ~ 39.97-11.88 ~ 39.96 ~ 4.62 mg, respectively, plant microorganism, plant microorganism, plant microorganism, plant microorganism, plant microorganism, plant microorganism, plant microorganism, plant microorganism and plant microorganism.In the plant group, denitrification and plant absorption are the main ways to remove N, among which denitrification contributes the most, with the plant absorption accounting for 153.37%, and the microorganism group is mainly realized by denitrification and assimilation, which are 51D 62J 26x 3636, respectively.The N uptake of plants in plant microorganism group was higher than that in plant group, and the N content in shoot of all groups was higher than that in root, the denitrification ability was: plant microorganism plant microbial group, plant microorganism group, plant microorganism group, plant microorganism group, plant microorganism group;Microbial assimilation using N capacity: plant microbial microbial plant group.At the taxonomic level of phylum and genus, there were 16 phyla and 105 genera of microbiota, and the dominant flora was Proteobacteriae Acidobacteria.The removal of N by microorganisms mainly depends on heterotrophic nitrification and denitrification under aerobic conditions.
【作者单位】：四川大学建筑与环境学院;四川省交通运输厅公路规划勘察设计研究院;
【分类号】：X17;X52

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