基于遥感的城市热力景观动态变化研究

发布时间：2018-04-11 02:23

本文选题：遥感 + 地温反演　；参考：《西北大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着城市化进程的加快和城市规模的扩大,城市下垫面和地表温度发生变化,对城市生态和环境产生重要的影响。本文基于Landsat系列遥感数据,利用单窗算法反演西安-咸阳地区8个辖区的地表温度,划定热力景观等级,分析了各类热力景观的时空动态变化特征,利用景观格局指数来定量分析城市热力景观的演变格局和尺度效应,并分析城市化对热环境的响应,对热力景观的未来发展趋势进行了模拟和研究。研究结果表明:(1)1995～2016年,中温区热力景观面积变化显著,2005年次中温区所占总面积比例最大;2016年次高温区面积扩增明显。1995～2016年,灞桥区裸地明显转化为植被热力景观;未央区和渭城区建设用地热力景观面积增加108.7 km2,热力等级明显升高;秦都区和渭城区裸地明显转化为建设用地和植被,中温区热力景观面积增加107.7 km2。(2)1995年整体的热力景观的多样性最强;2005年和2016年整体热力景观向城市建设用地区域聚合;景观格局各类指数中斑块面积(CA)、最大斑块指数(LPI)、斑块所占景观面积指数(PLAND)和集聚度(AI)对尺度的依赖性较明显,在像元大小为60m和180m时响应敏感。(3)城市下垫面的不透水面盖度和地表温度的相关系数为0.788,说明不透水面盖度和热力等级呈正相关关系;植被覆盖度、公园绿地斑块面积/周长和热力等级呈负相关。(4)模拟预测2021年的城市热力景观得出该年份相比2016年热力景观等级的变化趋于极端化,低温区和高温区等级的热力景观面积增大。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of urbanization and the expansion of urban scale, the underlying surface and surface temperature of the city have changed, which has an important impact on urban ecology and environment.Based on the Landsat series remote sensing data, this paper uses the single window algorithm to retrieve the surface temperature of 8 districts in Xi'an-Xianyang area, delimits the thermal landscape grade, and analyzes the dynamic change characteristics of all kinds of thermal landscape in time and space.The landscape pattern index is used to quantitatively analyze the evolution pattern and scale effect of urban thermal landscape, and the response of urbanization to thermal environment is analyzed, and the future development trend of thermal landscape is simulated and studied.The results show that the thermal landscape area in the middle temperature area changed significantly from 1995 to 2016, the proportion of the total area in the middle temperature region was the largest in 2005, and the expansion of the area in the high temperature area in 2016 was obvious. From 1995 to 2016, the bare land in Baqiao district was transformed into the vegetation thermal landscape.The thermal landscape area of the construction land in Weiyang and Weicheng District increased by 108.7 km2, and the thermal grade increased obviously, while the bare land in Qindu District and Weicheng District was transformed into construction land and vegetation.The thermal landscape diversity of the whole in 1995 was the strongest, and the whole thermal landscape in 2005 and 2016 converged to the urban construction land area.Patch area, maximum patch index, patch area index, patch area index (PLAND) and aggregation degree (AII) were significantly dependent on the scale of the landscape pattern indices, such as the patch area index (CAA), the maximum patch index (LPI), the patch area index (PLAND) and the aggregation degree (AII).When the pixel size is 60m and 180m) the correlation coefficient between impermeable surface coverage and surface temperature is 0.788, which indicates that there is a positive correlation between impermeable surface coverage and thermal grade, vegetation coverage, vegetation coverage,There is a negative correlation between patch area / perimeter and thermal grade of park green space.) the prediction of urban thermal landscape in 2021 shows that the change of thermal landscape grade in this year is more extreme than that in 2016, and the thermal landscape area of low temperature region and high temperature area is larger than that of 2016.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X87;X16

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