污染场地土壤气中VOCs定量被动采样技术研究及应用

发布时间：2018-04-16 00:05

本文选题：污染场地 + 土壤气　；参考：《环境科学研究》2017年11期

【摘要】：污染场地中土壤气样品的采集是蒸气入侵风险评估的关键,目前最常用的主动土壤气采集技术包括真空苏玛罐和泵吸附管,其操作繁琐、成本高、易受多种因素影响、只能采集短时间的浓度.土壤气定量被动采样技术是一种新兴的采样技术,很好地克服了主动式采样存在的不足,是目前污染场地中土壤气调查的研究热点.通过总结现有研究,就定量被动采样技术的理论、被动采样器吸附剂和外壳材料的选择、被动采样器吸附速率的研究及定量被动采样在污染场地中的应用进行论述.综合研究发现,只要严格控制吸附速率,被动采样能够提供准确的定量土壤气浓度测量;采样器结构的设计、外壳材料的选择能够有效控制吸附速率;吸附速率受环境因素和土壤性质的影响,场地校正是获得准确结果的有效途径.我国在土壤气采样领域的研究刚刚起步,建议:加大高效、广谱型或混合型吸附材料及相应测试方法和设备的研发;加强吸附速率的影响因子及场地校准方法的研究;加强土壤钻孔内土壤气的补给速率的模型和场地实测研究;增加不同种采样器的现场应用比较研究;进行适合我国国情的技术标准的研究与制订.
[Abstract]:The collection of soil gas samples in contaminated sites is the key to the risk assessment of steam intrusion. The most commonly used active soil gas acquisition techniques include vacuum Sumar tanks and pump adsorption pipes. The operation is cumbersome, the cost is high, and it is easy to be affected by a variety of factors.Concentration can only be collected for a short period of time.Soil gas quantitative passive sampling technology is a new sampling technology, which has overcome the shortcomings of active sampling, and is the research hotspot of soil gas investigation in contaminated sites.In this paper, the theory of quantitative passive sampling, the selection of adsorbent and shell material, the adsorption rate of passive sampler and the application of quantitative passive sampling in contaminated site are discussed.It is found that the passive sampling can provide accurate quantitative measurement of soil gas concentration as long as the adsorption rate is strictly controlled, and the design of sampler structure and the selection of shell materials can effectively control the adsorption rate.The adsorption rate is affected by environmental factors and soil properties. Site correction is an effective way to obtain accurate results.The research in the field of soil gas sampling in China has just started. It is suggested that the research and development of high efficient, broad spectrum or mixed type adsorption materials and the corresponding testing methods and equipment should be strengthened, and the research on the influence factors of adsorption rate and site calibration methods should be strengthened.The model of soil gas recharge rate in soil borehole and the field measurement study should be strengthened; the field application comparison of different samplers should be added; and the technical standards suitable for China's national conditions should be studied and formulated.
【作者单位】：北京市环境保护科学研究院;国家城市环境污染控制工程技术研究中心;污染场地风险模拟与修复北京市重点实验室;
【基金】：国家环境保护部公益性行业科研专项(201509034) 北京市自然科学基金项目(8164055)
【分类号】：X831

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