我国生态文明建设中的公民参与研究

发布时间：2018-04-16 14:14

本文选题：公民参与 + 生态文明　；参考：《太原理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：在面临着环境污染严重、资源约束趋紧、生态系统退化的严峻形势下,十八大报告明确提出要大力推进生态文明建设,强调必须树立尊重自然、顺应自然、保护自然的生态文明理念,把生态文明建设放在突出地位。生态文明的建设与民族的未来、人民的福祉息息相关,必须要融入经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设各方面和全过程,从而努力建设好美丽中国,实现中华民族永续发展。就我国而言,目前我国已经进入了高消耗、高污染的风险社会,生态环境问题的治理已经到了一个不可忽视的关键阶段。随着公民生态意识的提高,生态文明的建设和研究逐渐进入了公民的视线,引起了公民的广泛关注和参与。在全面建设小康社会的背景下,生态文明建设作为其新的要求,仅仅依靠政府单方面发挥主导作用是不够的,还需要公民的广泛而积极的参与。本文写作的主要目的就在于对如何落实我国公民真正参与到生态文明建设实践当中,充分发挥公民参与的功能与效益提出建议。全文共分成三大部分:第一部分首先对公民参与和生态文明进行基本概述,即对公民参与、生态文明、生态文明建设的内涵和特征作出解释,然后论述公民参与生态文明建设的内在动因和外在动因。其次论述公民参与生态文明建设的理论基础,从理论上分析公民参与生态文明建设的合理性、合法性和必要性。第二部分探究了我国公民参与生态文明建设的现状,首先介绍目前生态文明建设试点工作的整体状况、公民参与生态文明建设在法律和公民参与上取得的成绩。其次通过案例客观分析目前公民参与的方式,即组织式参与、听证式参与、诉讼式参与。最后从政府教育上的缺失、法律制度的不健全和公民操作层面上的局限这三方面分析公民参与生态文明建设面临的困境及成因。第三部分主要探析我国公民参与生态文明建设的路径选择。首先介绍瑞典培养全民的生态意识、美国注重法律的建设、德国注重环境立法与环境教育相结合的措施,然后总结出西方国家的措施对我国公民参与生态文明建设的启示。其次根据我国具体国情提出了健全公民参与生态文明建设的对策,即政府通过培养生态公民、完善生态环境信息管理系统以及提高决策民主化来为公民参与生态文明建设提供良好的外部环境;在法律上加强生态立法建设、建立公民参与机制以及健全环保社会组织来推动公民参与生态文明的制度建设;公民从经济、政治、文化和社会层面来拓宽参与生态文明建设的渠道。
[Abstract]:In the face of severe environmental pollution, tight constraints on resources and degradation of ecosystems, the report of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China explicitly proposed that the construction of ecological civilization should be vigorously promoted, and stressed that it is necessary to establish respect for nature and conform to nature.Protect the natural ecological civilization concept, ecological civilization construction in a prominent position.The construction of ecological civilization is closely related to the future of the nation and the well-being of the people. We must integrate all aspects and processes of economic construction, political construction, cultural construction, and social construction so as to strive to build a beautiful China.To achieve sustainable development of the Chinese nation.As far as our country is concerned, at present, our country has entered a high-risk society with high consumption and high pollution, and the management of ecological environmental problems has reached a critical stage that can not be ignored.With the improvement of citizen's ecological consciousness, the construction and research of ecological civilization have gradually entered the sight of citizens and aroused the citizen's extensive concern and participation.Under the background of building a well-off society in an all-round way, the construction of ecological civilization, as its new requirement, is not enough to rely on the government to play a leading role unilaterally, and it also needs the extensive and active participation of citizens.The main purpose of this paper is to put forward some suggestions on how to implement our citizens' participation in the practice of ecological civilization construction and give full play to the functions and benefits of citizen participation.The paper is divided into three parts: the first part gives a basic overview of citizen participation and ecological civilization, that is, the connotation and characteristics of citizen participation, ecological civilization and ecological civilization construction.Then it discusses the internal and external motivation of citizen's participation in the construction of ecological civilization.Secondly, it discusses the theoretical basis of citizen's participation in the construction of ecological civilization, and theoretically analyzes the rationality, legitimacy and necessity of citizen's participation in the construction of ecological civilization.The second part probes into the status quo of citizen participation in the construction of ecological civilization in China. Firstly, it introduces the overall situation of the pilot work of ecological civilization construction at present, and the achievements of citizen participation in the construction of ecological civilization in law and citizen participation.Secondly, through the case analysis of the current way of citizen participation, namely organizational participation, hearing participation, litigation participation.Finally, the difficulties and causes of citizen participation in the construction of ecological civilization are analyzed from three aspects: the lack of government education, the imperfect legal system and the limitation of citizen operation.The third part mainly analyzes the path choice of citizen participation in the construction of ecological civilization.This paper first introduces the measures of training the ecological consciousness of the whole people in Sweden, paying attention to the construction of laws in the United States, and the measures of combining environmental legislation with environmental education in Germany, and then summarizes the enlightenment of the measures of western countries on the participation of Chinese citizens in the construction of ecological civilization.Secondly, according to the specific conditions of our country, the author puts forward the countermeasures to improve the citizen's participation in the construction of ecological civilization, that is, the government trains the ecological citizen,To improve the ecological environment information management system and enhance the democratization of decision-making to provide a good external environment for citizens to participate in the construction of ecological civilization, strengthen the construction of ecological legislation in law,The establishment of citizen participation mechanism and the improvement of environmental protection social organization to promote citizen participation in the construction of ecological civilization system, citizens from the economic, political, cultural and social levels to broaden the channels to participate in the construction of ecological civilization.
【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X321;D621.5

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