制药废水氮磷“零排放”技术研究

发布时间：2018-04-22 16:01

  本文选题：氮磷零排放 + 化学除磷　； 参考：《华东理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：苏州某外商独资制药企业拟在苏州市吴中经济技术开发区扩建善存系列和钙尔奇系列片剂生产线,这两类片剂的配方中均有少量含氮磷的化合物,因此其工艺废水(主要是设备清洗水和地面冲洗水)不可避免地会含有少量氮磷污染物。然而,根据《江苏省太湖水污染防治条例》(2012年修订)和苏州市环境保护局的相关规定,苏州境内的新建、扩建含氮磷污染物的企业或项目必须执行废水"零排放"或废水氮磷"零排放"。这些企业或项目的废水经深度处理后不能回用于生产工艺的(如通过GMP认证的制药企业或项目)执行废水氮磷"零排放",其他企业或项目执行废水"零排放"。苏州某外商独资制药企业是一家通过GMP认证的制药企业,根据建设项目环境影响评价报告书的批复,该公司拟扩建的项目必须执行废水氮磷"零排放"。国内外现有废水深度技术可以实现废水"零排放",但未见废水氮磷"零排放"的研究报道。受苏州某外商独资制药企业的委托,研究开发了制药废水氮磷"零排放"技术。首先通过实验室小试探讨了混凝沉淀预处理、生化处理、超滤-反渗透深度处理组合工艺实现制药废水氮磷"零排放"的可行性;然后在实验室小试的基础上设计加工了一套中试装置,一方面通过现场中试进一步验证小试结果,另一方面也为工程设计提供更加可靠的技术参数。实验室小试与现场中试结果表明:用FeCl_3作混凝剂进行混凝沉淀预处理时,不需要调节废水的pH值。投加150～200 mg/LFeCl_3可以去除95%左右的浊度和磷酸盐。混凝沉淀预处理出水经A/O工艺生化处理,可以去除大约72%的COD、86%的氨氮、58%的总氮和53%的总磷。生化处理单元出水用超滤/反渗透工艺进行深度处理,一级反渗透的产水率≤33%时,透过水的NH_3-N、TN和TP均未检出;当一级反渗透的产水率≈50%时,透过水的NH_3-N和TP未检出,但检出TN;当一级反渗透的产水率≈67%时,透过水的TP仍未检出,但NH_3-N和TN均被检出。采用二级反渗透工艺对生化出水进行深度处理,当第一级和第二级反渗透的产水率均为67%时,第二级RO透过水的NH_3-N、TN和TP均未检出,符合废水氮磷"零排放"要求。用蒸发工艺处理反渗透浓缩水,所得蒸发冷凝水含有少量的氮和磷,不符合废水氮磷"零排放"要求。蒸发冷凝水应返回反渗透单元作进一步处理。
[Abstract]:A wholly foreign-owned pharmaceutical enterprise in Suzhou is planning to expand the production lines of Shancun series and Calcius series tablets in Wuzhong Economic and technological Development Zone, Suzhou. The formulations of these two kinds of tablets contain a small amount of compounds containing nitrogen and phosphorus. Therefore, the process wastewater (mainly equipment washing water and ground washing water) will inevitably contain a small amount of nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants. However, according to the regulations on Water pollution Control of Taihu Lake in Jiangsu Province (revised in 2012) and the relevant regulations of Suzhou City Environmental Protection Bureau, the new construction in Suzhou, The expansion of enterprises or projects containing nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants must carry out zero discharge of wastewater or zero discharge of nitrogen and phosphorus in wastewater. After advanced treatment, wastewater from these enterprises or projects cannot be reused in production processes (such as pharmaceutical enterprises or projects certified by GMP) to implement "zero discharge" of nitrogen and phosphorus, and other enterprises or projects to implement "zero discharge" of wastewater. A wholly foreign-owned pharmaceutical enterprise in Suzhou is a pharmaceutical enterprise certified by GMP. According to the approval of the environmental impact assessment report of the construction project, the project to be expanded by the company must carry out "zero discharge" of nitrogen and phosphorus in wastewater. The existing wastewater depth technology at home and abroad can realize "zero discharge" of wastewater, but there is no report on "zero discharge" of nitrogen and phosphorus in wastewater. The technology of zero discharge of nitrogen and phosphorus from pharmaceutical wastewater was studied and developed by a wholly foreign owned pharmaceutical enterprise in Suzhou. At first, the feasibility of the combination of coagulation and precipitation pretreatment, biochemical treatment, ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis advanced treatment process to realize the "zero discharge" of nitrogen and phosphorus in pharmaceutical wastewater was discussed. Then a set of pilot plant is designed and processed on the basis of laboratory test. On the one hand, the results of the pilot test are further verified by the field pilot test, and on the other hand, more reliable technical parameters are provided for the engineering design. The results of laboratory and field pilot-scale tests show that the pH value of wastewater does not need to be adjusted when FeCl_3 is used as coagulant for coagulation and precipitation pretreatment. About 95% of turbidity and phosphate can be removed by adding 150 mg/LFeCl_3. The treated effluent was treated by A / O process, and about 72% of COD ~ (2 +), 86% of ammonia nitrogen, 58% of total nitrogen and 53% of total phosphorus were removed. The effluent of biochemical treatment unit was treated with ultrafiltration / reverse osmosis process. When the water yield of first stage reverse osmosis was 鈮，

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