竹炭颗粒强化AnMBR工艺处理高浓度竹制品废水研究

发布时间：2018-05-01 20:31

本文选题：竹制品废水 + 竹炭　；参考：《浙江大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,我国竹制品行业蓬勃发展,其加工过程产生的大量竹制品废水具有COD浓度与色度高、污染组成复杂等特点,为此研发稳定高效适用的竹制品废水处理工艺技术意义重大。厌氧膜生物反应器(AnMBR)具有高效降解有机物、能源回收利用等特点,逐渐应用于高浓度有机废水处理领域,但其稳定性较差、膜污染严重等问题制约其工业化应用。论文以高浓度竹制品废水为处理对象,研发高效稳定的AnMBR强化工艺,应用X-射线能谱分析(SEM-EDX)、三维荧光光谱(3D-EEM)、共聚焦显微镜(CLSM)、高通量测序等技术手段,开展投加竹炭颗粒强化AnMBR工艺性能、碱度对AnMBR工艺的影响、厌氧膜污染特性及竹炭减缓膜污染机制、厌氧颗粒与膜垢微生物菌群结构解析等研究,取得如下研究成果:1、以AnMBR为研究平台,竹制品废水为处理对象,研究投加竹炭颗粒对AnMBR工艺污染物去除、污泥颗粒化、产气量及气体组成等的影响发现,投加竹炭颗粒的B-AnMBR反应器污染物去除性能显著提升,COD、氨氮去除率分别达94.5±2.9%、75.7±2.1%,平均污泥浓度增至25.3 g/L,厌氧污泥颗粒化程度得到提高。研究还发现,处理高浓度竹制品废水过程两组AnMBR反应器均未发生酸化,相比而言B-AnMBR反应器的ORP与出水VFA值更低,系统运行性能与产气能力更为稳定,其产气量、甲烷产率分别高达13.2±1.2 L/d、0.25 LCH4/g COD。2、研究不同进水碱度对AnMBR工艺pH、COD去除率、产甲烷能力等影响发现,进水碱度由4328 mg/L降至549 mg/L时,两组AnMBR反应器的出水pH仍保持在7.5以上,系统运行性能良好。与对照组相比,B-AnMBR的COD去除率稳定在89.2%,产气量、甲烷产率略有增加,分别达14.03 L/d、0.32 LCH4/g COD。推测投加竹炭颗粒后AnMBR工艺每消耗1gCOD产生0.19-0.27 g碱度,高于对照组的0.18-0.24 g,有效提升AnMBR工艺性能与稳定性。3、研究竹炭投加对AnMBR工艺膜组件性能的影响发现,B-AnMBR运行期间膜通量显著高于AnMBR(p0.05),至反应器停止运行时B-AnMBR膜阻为8.41×1012m-1,低于AnMBR的5.23×1012m-1(p0.01),膜清洗后B-AnMBR膜通量恢复较好、使用寿命延长。应用SEM-EDX、CLSM等技术分析膜表面结构发现,投加竹炭颗粒的B-AnMBR体系中溶解性微生物产物(SMP)含量降低,形成的膜垢松散、多孔,易引起膜污染的Ca、Al、Si、Fe等金属元素以及蛋白、多糖含量明显下降,表明竹炭的投加可有效减缓膜孔堵塞、增加膜通量。4、应用高通量测序等分子生物学手段分析AnMBR反应器污泥与膜垢微生物菌群结构演变发现,投加竹炭后厌氧生物反应器的污泥微生物菌群多样性得到提高,Methanosaeta、Methanospirillum、Methanobacterium等产甲烷菌群得到富集。分析膜垢菌群结构发现,竹炭的投加抑制了Bacteroidetes、OP11等产EPS菌在膜表面的富集。综合分析认为,竹炭颗粒通过吸附、成核等途径增强污染物去除与污泥颗粒化,进而优化污泥菌群结构、降低反应体系SMP含量,有效改善膜垢优势菌群与表面结构,最终实现AnMBR工艺性能提升与膜污染有效控制。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the bamboo products industry in China has developed vigorously. A large number of bamboo products produced in the process of processing have the characteristics of high concentration of COD, high chromaticity and complicated pollution composition. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a stable and effective treatment technology for bamboo waste water treatment. The anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) has high efficiency in degradation of organic matter and energy recovery. It is gradually applied to the field of high concentration organic wastewater treatment, but its stability is poor, membrane pollution is serious and other problems restrict its industrial application. The paper takes high concentration bamboo waste water as the treatment object, develops a highly efficient and stable AnMBR strengthening process, uses X- ray spectrum analysis (SEM-EDX), three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy (3D-EEM), confocal microscopy CLSM, high throughput sequencing and other technical means, the effects of adding bamboo charcoal particles to strengthen the AnMBR process, the influence of alkalinity on the AnMBR process, the characteristics of the anaerobic membrane pollution and the mechanism of bamboo charcoal to slow the membrane fouling, the analysis of the structure of the anaerobic particles and the membrane fouling microorganism, and so on, have been obtained as the following research achievements: 1, the research platform of AnMBR is the research platform of the bamboo products, and the waste water of bamboo products is The effects of bamboo charcoal particles on the removal of pollutants in AnMBR process, sludge granulation, gas production and gas composition have been studied. The removal performance of pollutants in the B-AnMBR reactor added with bamboo charcoal particles was significantly improved, COD, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen was 94.5 + 2.9%, 75.7 + 2.1%, and the average sludge concentration increased to 25.3 g/L, and the anaerobic sludge particles were increased. The study also found that the two groups of AnMBR reactors in the process of treating high concentration bamboo waste water were not acidified. Compared to the B-AnMBR reactor's ORP and the effluent VFA value, the system operating performance and gas production capacity were more stable, and the gas production and methane yield were as high as 13.2 + 1.2 L/d and 0.25 LCH4/g COD.2. The effect of water alkalinity on the pH, COD removal rate and methane production capacity of AnMBR process showed that when the alkalinity of the influent was reduced from 4328 mg/L to 549 mg/L, the effluent pH of the two groups of AnMBR reactors remained above 7.5 and the system operating performance was good. Compared with the control group, the COD removal rate of B-AnMBR was 89.2%, gas production and methane yield increased slightly, up to 14.03 L/d, respectively. 0.32 LCH4/g COD. speculated that after the addition of bamboo charcoal particles, the AnMBR process produced 0.19-0.27 g alkalinity per 1gCOD, higher than the 0.18-0.24 g of the control group, effectively improving the AnMBR process performance and stability.3. The effect of the addition of bamboo charcoal on the performance of the AnMBR process membrane module was found to be significantly higher than that of the reactor during the operation. At the time of operation, the B-AnMBR film resistance is 8.41 x 1012m-1, lower than 5.23 x 1012m-1 (P0.01) of AnMBR. After the membrane cleaning, the flux of B-AnMBR membrane is better and the service life is prolonged. The application of SEM-EDX, CLSM and other techniques to analyze the surface structure of the membrane found that the content of the dissolved microbiological products (SMP) in the B-AnMBR system of bamboo charcoal particles is reduced, and the film scale is loose and porous. The content of Ca, Al, Si, Fe and other metal elements and proteins, which can easily cause membrane fouling, decreased obviously. It showed that the addition of bamboo charcoal could effectively slow the blockage of membrane pore and increase the membrane flux.4. The structural evolution of AnMBR reactor sludge and membrane fouling microorganism group was analyzed by high throughput sequencing, and the anaerobic biological reaction after adding bamboo charcoal was found. The diversity of microbial flora of the sludge was enhanced, and methanogenic bacteria groups such as Methanosaeta, Methanospirillum and Methanobacterium were enriched. Analysis of the structure of membrane fouling bacteria found that the addition of bamboo charcoal inhibited the enrichment of Bacteroidetes, OP11 and other EPS producing bacteria on the surface of the membrane. The removal of strong pollutants and the granulation of sludge, then optimize the structure of the sludge flora, reduce the SMP content of the reaction system, effectively improve the bacteria group and the surface structure of the membrane fouling, and finally achieve the improvement of the performance of the AnMBR process and the effective control of the membrane fouling.

【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X798

【参考文献】