基于城市污水资源化的微藻筛选与污水预处理

发布时间：2018-05-02 18:11

本文选题：微藻 + 城市污水　；参考：《环境科学》2017年08期

【摘要】：利用城市污水培养微藻,可在实现污水无害化处理的同时,培养微藻回收生物质能源.污水为微藻的培养提供氮、磷等营养组分和所需水源.由于城市污水含有大量的微生物,成分复杂,且不同藻种对污水的适应性与耐受性不同,因此,需要筛选出适宜于城市污水培养和高效产脂的藻种,并研究城市污水预处理方式,以使预处理后的城市污水更适于微藻的生长与产脂.本文根据课题组前期获得的藻种在城市污水中的生长与产脂情况以及对污水的净化能力筛选出适宜于城市污水培养的藻种.其中斜生栅藻(Scenedesmus obliquus)原始株与蛋白核小球藻(Chlorella pyrenoidosa)离子诱变藻株生物质与油脂产量较高,经污水培养后油脂产量分别可达0.43 g·L~(-1)、0.33 g·L~(-1),且含有较多的C16~C18脂肪酸,适宜于生物柴油的制备,同时可使培养后污水中COD、NH_4~+-N、TN、TP的去除率分别达到86.4%、100%、94.3%、93.4%和81.8%、100%、94.9%、94.2%.对可规模化扩大的污水预处理方式进行研究,发现不同藻种所最适的污水预处理方式不同.对于耐污性能较强的斜生栅藻原始株,除去粗大悬浮物后的城市污水即可用于其培养.对于蛋白核小球藻诱变株,城市污水经沉淀、过滤联合预处理后适宜于其培养.
[Abstract]:Using municipal sewage to cultivate microalgae can not only realize the harmless treatment of sewage, but also cultivate microalgae to recover biomass energy. Sewage provides nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and water for microalgae culture. Because municipal sewage contains a large number of microorganisms, the composition is complex, and different algae species have different adaptability and tolerance to sewage, therefore, it is necessary to screen the algae species suitable for urban sewage culture and high-efficiency lipid production. The pretreatment method of municipal sewage was studied in order to make it more suitable for the growth and lipid production of microalgae. According to the growth and fat production of algae in urban sewage and the purification ability of sewage, the algae species suitable for urban sewage culture were screened out in this paper. The biomass and oil production of the original strain of Scenedesmus obliquusand Chlorella pyrenoidosa) was higher than that of the strain of Chlorella pyrenoidosa. After sewage culture, the oil production reached 0.43 g / L ~ (-1) / L ~ (33) g / L ~ (-1), and it contained more C16~C18 fatty acids, which was suitable for the preparation of biodiesel. At the same time, the removal rate of COD _ 4 ~ -N ~ -N ~ + -TNN _ (TP) in the waste water after culture can reach 86.4% and 94.34%, respectively, and 81.8% respectively. It is found that different algae species have different optimal pretreatment methods for wastewater pretreatment. For the original strain of Grifolium obliquus which has strong resistance to pollution, the municipal sewage after removing the coarse suspended matter can be used for its culture. For the mutant strain of Chlorella proteoglycan, municipal sewage is suitable for culture after precipitation, filtration and pretreatment.
【作者单位】：哈尔滨工业大学深圳研究生院土木与环境工程学院;
【基金】：深圳市科技创新委员会项目(JCYJ20140417172417125)
【分类号】：X703.1

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