室内外空气cVMS和BTEX被动监测方法研究与应用

发布时间：2018-05-05 07:49

本文选题：被动采样 + 环状挥发性甲基硅氧烷　；参考：《大连海事大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：本研究选择cVMS包括八甲基环四硅氧烷(D4),十甲基环五硅氧烷(D5),十二甲基环六硅氧烷(D6)和BTEX即苯系物包括苯乙烯,甲苯,乙基苯,间对-二甲苯,1,3,5-三甲基苯和苯作为目标物,采用内部填有200mg Tenax TA吸附剂的热脱附不锈钢管(TD管)作为被动采样器,建立了 TD管(Tenax TA)被动采样方法体系,cVMS和BTEX检出限和定量限(μg tube-1)范围分别为:4.49E-07至3.43E-06 和 1.50E-06 至 1.14E-05;被动吸附速率 R(mL/min)范围为:0.28-1.46;t25和t95(天)范围分别为10-51和101-532;采样效率(计算值/理论值)范围为:0.5-2.78;储存样品检测值和储存时间之间关系曲线符合Boltzmann方程,R2值在0.92-0.98之间。采用主动和被动方法监测家庭、办公和室外环境空气中cVMS和BTEX浓度,得到主动与被动浓度关系式为y=0.8033x+0.156,R2为0.8893,被动与主动监测方法匹配度达到89%。利用被动监测方法分别对Li家和Xiong家两个家庭及其家用轿车、停车场、和家庭室外,以及校园内的男寝、女寝、学生办公室、教师办公室、校园室外环境和海大实习船船员室、主机舱、辅机舱环境空气中的cVMS和BTEX进行了监测。在家庭环境中cVMS,Xiong家的浓度高于Li家,其中D5浓度达到1个数量级,而BTEX,Xiong家的浓度明显低于Li家,除苯乙烯和苯外其余目标物浓度均低于1个数量级;在校园环境中cVMS,女生寝室浓度均高于其他采样点,其中D5高出室外192倍,对于BTEX,男生寝室均高于其他采样点,其中甲苯是室外的22.86倍;在船舱环境中cVMS,辅机舱内D4和D5浓度高于主机舱高于船员室,而船员室D6浓度高于辅机舱高于主机舱,对于BTEX,主机舱浓度均为最高,其次是船员室,最后是辅机舱。通过比值方法分析,个人护理品、涂料及溶剂的使用对环境中cVMS浓度具有一定的贡献作用,而机动车和氧化燃烧排放对BTEX有较大贡献。根据监测所得目标物浓度,对D5、苯乙烯、甲苯、乙基苯、间,对-二甲苯和苯在室内环境中的非致癌风险评估中,发现只有主机舱中苯的HQ值大于1,而对苯的致癌风险评估中,在Li-客厅、Xiong-客厅、男寝、女寝、船员室、办公室、主机舱和辅机舱几个室内监测点其Risk值均大于1E-06。主机舱内苯对人体健康存在潜在的非致癌风险,研究室内空气环境中苯对人体健康均存在潜在的致癌风险。
[Abstract]:In this study, cVMS including octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, dodecylcyclohexasiloxane, dodecyl cyclohexasiloxane D6) and BTEX were selected as target compounds, that is, benzene series including styrene, toluene, ethyl benzene, p-xylene 1, 3-trimethyl benzene and benzene. The thermal desorption stainless steel tube TD tube filled with 200mg Tenax TA adsorbent was used as passive sampler. The detection limits and quantification limits (渭 g tube-1) of the passive sampling system of tenax TAax were established. The detection limits and quantification limits (渭 g tube-1) were: 1: 4.49E-07 to 3.43E-06 and 1.50E-06 to 1.14E-05; the range of passive adsorption rate was 0.28-1.46t25 and 101-532respectively; and the sampling efficiency was 101-532.The range of passive adsorption rate was 0.28-1.46t25 and 101-532respectively. The range of calculated value / theoretical value is in the range of: 0.5-2.78, and the relationship curve between the detection value and storage time of the stored sample is in accordance with the Boltzmann equation with R2 value of 0.92-0.98. Active and passive methods were used to monitor the concentration of cVMS and BTEX in the air of home, office and outdoor environment. The relationship between active and passive concentration was obtained as follows: YYI 0.8033x 0.156C R2 = 0.8893, and the match degree of passive monitoring method and active monitoring method reached 89893. Two families, Li and Xiong families, as well as their cars, parking lots and outdoor homes, as well as the male, female, student's offices, teachers' offices, outdoor environment on campus and the crew room of Haida Internship were studied by passive monitoring method, respectively. Main engine cabin, auxiliary engine room ambient air cVMS and BTEX were monitored. In the family environment, the concentration of cVMS-Xiong was higher than that of Li, and the concentration of D5 was 1 order of magnitude, while the concentration of BTEXX Xiong was obviously lower than that of Li, and the concentration of all the target compounds except styrene and benzene was lower than 1 order of magnitude. In the campus environment, the concentration of female dormitory was higher than that of other sampling points, and the concentration of D5 was 192 times higher than that of outdoor. For BTEX, boys' dormitory was higher than other sampling points, and toluene was 22.86 times of outdoor. In the cabin environment, the concentration of D4 and D5 in auxiliary cabin is higher than that in main cabin, while the concentration of D6 in crew room is higher than that in engine room. For BTEX, the concentration of main engine room is the highest, the next is crew room, and the last is auxiliary cabin. By ratio analysis, the use of personal care products, paints and solvents contributed to the concentration of cVMS in the environment, while motor vehicle and oxidative combustion emissions contributed significantly to BTEX. Based on the monitored target concentration, in the non-carcinogenic risk assessment of p-xylene, p-xylene and benzene in the indoor environment, it was found that only the HQ value of benzene in the mainframe cabin was greater than 1, and that in the carcinogenic risk assessment of p-benzene, only p-xylene and p-xylene were found in the risk assessment of benzene carcinogenesis. The Risk values of several indoor monitoring points in Li-sitting room, male, female, crew room, office, mainframe cabin and auxiliary engine room are all greater than 1E-06. Benzene in main engine room has potential non-carcinogenic risk to human health, and benzene in indoor air environment has potential carcinogenic risk to human health.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X831

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