生物促生剂对好氧絮状污泥胞外聚合物性能的影响

发布时间：2018-05-05 19:46

本文选题：生物促生剂 + 胞外聚合物　；参考：《陕西科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：目前,我国造纸废水排放量27.55亿t,占工业废水排放量的14.7%,造纸废水处理依然面临严峻的问题。其废水排放量大,污染物种类复杂且难降解物质多,使得处理难度较大。生物促生剂作为一种高效促进微生物自身代谢及生物合成过程,加快微生物对于难降解有机物分解的添加剂,已在研究和应用中受到广泛重视。EPS作为微生物一部分代谢产物,其含量及组成可影响污泥性能,并可能影响出水水质。本文研究BS添加量在不同进水CODCr下,对好氧絮状污泥中EPS量和其组成影响,以及分析微生物对水中营养物质的吸收与分泌情况和对污泥中EPS的结构改变,对污泥性能的影响。研究不同CODCr进水浓度下,CODCr去除率与BS添加量的关系,通过单因素实验得出,在进水浓度为813 mg·L~(-1)、1100 mg·L~(-1)和1300 mg·L~(-1)时,BS最佳量为300μL·L~(-1)、400μL·L~(-1)和500μL·L~(-1),比BS0组CODCr去除率提高了4.8%、4.3%和4.2%。通过正交实验得出,去除CODCr最优组合为进水负荷1100 mg·L~(-1),BS最佳量400μL·L~(-1),处理30 h。通过对EPS各组成分析检测得出,BS的添加对EPS的各组分和结构产生显著影响。发现BS添加量对EPS、TB-EPS含量在800 mg·L~(-1)低进水CODCr浓度下的影响较小,在1100~1300 mg·L~(-1)中高进水CODCr浓度下影响显著,BS最佳组EPS、TB-EPS存在最大值。在不同进水CODCr浓度下,BS对LB-EPS多糖和TB-EPS蛋白质、腐殖质有显著促进作用。BS最佳组,分别对应LB-EPS中蛋白质、多糖、DNA含量最大值和TB-EPS中腐殖质含量最大值,DNA含量最小值。在进水CODCr浓度在1100 mg·L~(-1)时,BS2组吸收、分泌蛋白质能力和吸收、分泌多糖能力显著提高,提高了33%、23.9%。利用环境扫描电镜对污泥表面形态观察,发现BS2组污泥有良好保水性能,污泥骨架丰满,连续性高,提取TB-EPS后,出现空腔层和结构空洞,结合XRD仪器分析提取EPS后污泥中结晶为CaSO4·2H2O,BS2组污泥更平整。通过红外分析得,BS2组出现了羧基、羟基、脂类等的新特征峰,提取TB-EPS污泥中伯酰胺类和脂肪胺类物质受到影响。通过拉曼光谱分析发现,BS0和BS2组LB-EPS中主要成分为蛋白质,BS2组聚集效果更强。BS2组TB-EPS中氨基官能团增加,蛋白质主侧链构象改变,多聚糖类受到金属化学键作用,肽链改变,絮凝活性提高。BS0组含葡萄糖醛酸,BS2组TB-EPS中含有N-乙酰基氨基糖类和酰胺类物质,具有显著絮凝特性。采用ICP-AES分析金属离子在活性污泥体系中的转化过程,发现BS2组污泥中金属离子含量减少。在LB-EPS和TB-EPS提取液中,Fe3+含量明显提高。BS组TB-EPS中离子含量比BS0组高出2倍左右。LB-EPS和TB-EPS是吸附Ca~(2+)的主要部分,且BS2组的TB-EPS吸附了更多的Ca~(2+)和Mg~(2+)。LB-EPS和TB-EPS对金属离子吸附顺序为Ca~(2+)Mg~(2+)Fe3+Zn~(2+)Mn~(2+)。而活性污泥中沉积金属离子的顺序为Fe3+Mg~(2+)Mn~(2+)Zn~(2+)Ca~(2+)。利用ESS和Zeta方法对污泥絮凝效果分析,发现絮凝效果从好到坏排列为BS2组BS1组BS0组BS3组。LB-EPS、TB-EPS与絮凝性能成反向和正向相关。通过SVI得出,LB-EPS中蛋白质含量与EPS中蛋白质含量比值与污泥沉降性能呈正相关。DSC检测发现,随着LB-EPS(蛋白质和多糖)含量增加,TB-EPS(蛋白质和多糖)含量和束缚水含量(WB)减少,污泥的脱水性能增强。过度添加BS会引起一定程度的污泥脱水性能的恶化。本文研究BS添加量在不同进水CODcr下,对好氧絮状污泥中EPS量和其组成影响;并根据EPS变化分析微生物对水中营养物质的吸收与分泌情况;研究BS对EPS及活性污泥性质的影响依据,为BS在工业废水应用中提供理论依据。研究发现BS通过促进微生物吸收分泌能力,调节EPS中蛋白质和多糖含量及其羧基、羟基、乙酰基和氨基的暴露量,来改善污泥絮凝性能、沉降性能和耐受性能。
[Abstract]:At present, the discharge of papermaking wastewater in China is 2 billion 755 million T, accounting for 14.7% of the discharge of industrial wastewater. The treatment of papermaking wastewater still faces severe problems. The wastewater discharge is large, the types of pollutants are complex and the difficult to degrade, which make the treatment difficult. The addition of fast microorganism to the decomposition of refractory organic matter has been widely paid attention to in the research and application of.EPS as a part of the metabolites of microbes. Its content and composition can affect the performance of sludge and may affect the water quality of the effluent. In this paper, the addition of BS in different influent CODCr and the composition of EPS and its composition in aerobic floc sludge The effects of microorganism on the absorption and secretion of nutrients in water and the structure changes of EPS in the sludge and the effect on the sludge performance were analyzed. The relationship between the removal rate of CODCr and the amount of BS under different CODCr influent concentrations was studied. By single factor experiments, the water influent concentration was 813 mg. L~ (-1), 1100 mg. L~ (-1) and 1300 mg L~. The optimum amount of S is 300 mu L. L~ (-1), 400 L / L~ (-1) and 500 mu L. L~ (-1). The ratio of CODCr removal is 4.8% higher than that of BS0 group. The effect of BS addition on EPS, TB-EPS content at 800 mg. L~ (-1) low influent CODCr concentration was smaller, and the maximum influent CODCr concentration in 1100~1300 mg L~ (-1) was significant. The best group to promote the function of.BS, the maximum value of protein, polysaccharide, DNA content in LB-EPS and the maximum value of humus content in TB-EPS, and the minimum value of DNA content. When the concentration of CODCr in the influent is 1100 mg. L~ (-1), the BS2 group absorbs, secretes protein ability and absorption, the ability to secrete polysaccharide significantly increases, increases 33%, 23.9%. uses environmental scanning electricity. By observing the surface morphology of the sludge, it was found that the sludge in the BS2 group had good water retention property, the sludge skeleton was full and the continuity was high. After the extraction of TB-EPS, the cavity layer and the structure cavity appeared. After the extraction of EPS, the crystallization of the sludge was CaSO4. 2H2O, and the sludge of the BS2 group was more flat after the analysis of the XRD instrument. By the infrared analysis, the BS2 group appeared carboxyl, hydroxyl, lipids, and so on. The new characteristic peak is affected by the extraction of amides and fatty amines in the TB-EPS sludge. Through the Raman spectrum analysis, it is found that the main components in the BS0 and BS2 group LB-EPS are protein, the aggregation effect of BS2 group is stronger in the.BS2 group, the amino group of the amino group is increased, the conformation of the main side chain of the protein is modified, the polycarbohydrates are subjected to the metal chemical bond, and the peptide chain is modified. The flocculation activity increases the.BS0 group with glucuronic acid, and the BS2 group TB-EPS contains N- acetyl amino carbohydrates and amides. It has significant flocculation characteristics. The transformation process of metal ions in the activated sludge system is analyzed by ICP-AES. The content of metal ions in the BS2 sludge is reduced. The Fe3+ content is clear in the LB-EPS and TB-EPS extracts. The ion content of TB-EPS in group.BS was 2 times higher than that of BS0 group,.LB-EPS and TB-EPS were the main part of adsorption Ca~ (2+), and the TB-EPS adsorption of BS2 group was more Ca~ (2+) and Mg~ (2 +). ) Mn~ (2+) Zn~ (2+) Ca~ (2+). Using ESS and Zeta method to analyze the flocculation effect of sludge flocculation, it is found that the flocculation effect from good to bad is the BS0 group BS3 group of BS2 group BS1 group, which has a reverse and positive correlation with flocculation performance. It is found that with the increase of LB-EPS (protein and polysaccharide) content, the content of TB-EPS (protein and polysaccharide) and the bound water content (WB) decrease, and the dewatering performance of the sludge is enhanced. The excessive addition of BS will cause a certain degree of sludge dewatering performance. In this paper, the content of BS added to the aerobic floc sludge in different influent CODcr and the EPS content and its group in aerobic flocculation sludge are studied. The effects of BS on the absorption and secretion of nutrient substances in water were analyzed according to EPS changes, and the basis of the study on the effects of EPS and the properties of activated sludge was studied, and the theoretical basis for the application of BS in industrial wastewater was provided. The study found that BS was used to promote the absorption and secretion of microbes, to regulate the content of protein and polysaccharide in EPS and its carboxyl, hydroxyl group. The exposure of acetyl and amino groups to improve sludge flocculation, sedimentation and tolerance.

【学位授予单位】：陕西科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X703

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