西安市公园土壤多环芳烃污染特征、来源及风险评价

发布时间：2018-05-07 20:28

本文选题：多环芳烃 + 污染　；参考：《环境科学》2017年11期

【摘要】：应用高效液相色谱仪测定了西安市17个公园土壤样品中16种优控多环芳烃(PAHs)的含量,并分析了PAHs的组成、污染水平、来源、生态与健康风险.结果表明:样品中ΣPAHs含量在0.362~1.336μg·g~(-1)之间,平均值为0.591μg·g~(-1),其中7种致癌多环芳烃(Σ_7CPAHs)的含量范围为0.051~0.528μg·g~(-1),均值为0.181μg·g~(-1).与国内其它城市表层土壤比较发现西安市公园土壤均受到PAHs污染但程度较轻,PAHs主要由2~3环的低环PAHs构成.源解析结果表明,公园土壤中PAHs主要来自于石油燃烧,个别样点来源比较复杂多样,为石油泄漏、石油燃烧、煤和生物质等不完全燃烧的混合源.效应区间低值(ERL)法和效应区间中值(ERM)法评价结果表明,公园土壤存在PAHs污染,但潜在生态风险性较低.终生癌症风险增量(ILCRs)模型评价结果显示,儿童和成人的健康风险都在可允许的范围内,对儿童的健康威胁高于成人,3种暴露途径中皮肤接触土壤PAHs是导致高风险的最主要暴露途径,ILCRs皮肤接触分别占其3种暴露途径的总风险(CR)的63.98%(成人)和55.49%(儿童);其次是误食土壤PAHs暴露途径,分别占CR的36.02%(成人)和44.51%(儿童).
[Abstract]:High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to determine the contents of 16 kinds of PAHs in soil samples from 17 parks in Xi'an. The composition, pollution level, source, ecological and health risks of PAHs were analyzed. The results showed that the 危 PAHs content in the sample ranged from 0.362 渭 g / g to 1.336 渭 g / g ~ (-1) with an average value of 0.591 渭 g / g ~ (-1). The range of 危 _ 7CPAHs was 0.051 渭 g / g ~ (-1) and the mean value was 0.181 渭 g / g ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1) for the carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (危 _ 7CPAHs). Comparing with the topsoil of other cities in China, it was found that the park soils in Xi'an were all polluted by PAHs, but the light level of PAHs was mainly composed of 2 ~ 3 rings of low ring PAHs. The results of source analysis showed that the PAHs in the park soil was mainly from the combustion of oil, and the source of other sites was complex and diverse, which was a mixed source of incomplete combustion, such as oil spill, oil combustion, coal and biomass, etc. The results of low value ERL (effect interval) method and median ERM (effect interval) method showed that there was PAHs pollution in park soil, but the potential ecological risk was low. A lifetime cancer risk increment / ILCRs model evaluation showed that the health risks of both children and adults were within the allowable range. The health risk of children was higher than that of adults. Skin exposure to soil PAHs was the main exposure route leading to high risk. Skin exposure accounted for 63.98 (adults) and 55.49g (children), respectively. Secondly, the pathway of PAHs exposure to soil by mistake, They account for 36.02 (adults) and 44.51 (children) of CR, respectively.
【作者单位】：陕西师范大学地理科学与旅游学院;地理学国家级实验教学示范中心(陕西师范大学);
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41271510)
【分类号】：X53;X826

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