基于关键源区识别的饮用水水源保护区划研究

发布时间：2018-05-10 15:32

本文选题：饮用水源 + SWAT模型　；参考：《环境科学研究》2017年03期

【摘要】：准确划定饮用水水源保护区是实现饮用水安全精细化管理的重要前提.基于源头削减和全过程协同管理的思路,将GIS平台、Arc SWAT模型、成本-效益分析技术相结合,以贵州省红枫湖饮用水水源保护区为例,通过对近5年(2010—2014年)水污染负荷特征进行模拟,识别影响水环境污染控制的关键源区,在此基础上划定水源保护区.结果表明:(1)研究区总氮、总磷污染负荷主要来源为农业面源,其中农业种植和畜禽养殖的负荷贡献分别达到89.7%和91.8%,总氮和总磷负荷高风险区主要集中在流域西北部地势较高且农业耕作活动频繁区域;(2)污染控制措施的成本效益分析表明,测土配方施肥、1°~15°坡耕地等高植物篱、保护性耕作、植被缓冲带的成本-效益比较高,在该区域水环境污染控制中具有较高的推广应用价值;(3)基于水污染关键源区识别结果,划定饮用水源四级风险区,其中一级、二级风险区总面积为97.6 km~2,仅占原饮用水水源一、二级保护区面积的41.4%,可削减总氮、总磷负荷的60%~70%,所需的搬迁成本仅为原划定方案的35%.研究结果可为我国中西部人口密度大且逐水而居的地区饮用水水源保护区及管控政策的制订提供理论基础和技术参考.
[Abstract]:The accurate delineation of drinking water source protection area is an important prerequisite for the realization of safe and meticulous management of drinking water. Based on the idea of source reduction and whole process collaborative management, the GIS platform Arc SWAT model and the cost-benefit analysis technology are combined, taking Hongfeng Lake drinking water source protection area in Guizhou Province as an example. By simulating the characteristics of water pollution load in the past five years, the key sources of water pollution control are identified, and the water source protection area is delineated on this basis. The results showed that the main sources of total nitrogen and total phosphorus pollution load in the study area were agricultural non-point sources. The load contribution of agricultural cultivation and livestock farming reached 89.7% and 91.8% respectively. The cost-benefit analysis of pollution control measures in the high risk areas with high total nitrogen and total phosphorus load was mainly concentrated in the northwest of the basin, where farming activities were frequent. The formula of soil testing and fertilization is 1 掳or 15 掳high hedgerow, conservation tillage and vegetation buffer zone, which has higher cost and benefit, and has a higher value of popularization and application in water environment pollution control in this area.) based on the results of identification of key source areas of water pollution, The total area of primary and secondary risk areas is 97.6 km2, which accounts for only one source of drinking water and 41.4% of the original protected area. The total nitrogen and total phosphorus load can be reduced by 60% and 70%, and the relocation cost is only 35% of the original plan. The results can provide a theoretical basis and a technical reference for the establishment of drinking water source protection areas and control policies in the regions with high population density and water expulsion in the central and western regions of China.
【作者单位】：环境保护部环境与经济政策研究中心;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(41601551) 环境保护部第三批城环总规试点项目(YGCQ-GGQY-201418) 国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2013ZX07602-002)
【分类号】：X52

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