桂林市大气污染治理问题研究

发布时间：2018-05-10 22:21

本文选题：桂林市 + 大气污染治理　；参考：《广西师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：根据数据研究院监测我国86个重点城市从2006年到2016年空气质量变化情况的数据来看,这十一年来我国各个城市总体的空气质量情况越来越糟。在全国大部分地区都受到大气污染肆虐的今天,桂林也未能幸免的受到了大气污染的侵扰。在2015年中,广西14个地市空气质量排名中位列第十三名,排名倒数第二,其中在一月份的全区排名中排名倒数第一。2016年桂林“再接再厉”又拿下了广西全区空气质量的最后一名。桂林以其山水甲天下,美丽的风景驰名中外。但如今,空气质量已经让人望而却步,那么还怎样打造山美水美,让人们流连忘返的旅游胜地。2012年国家发改委批复《桂林国际旅游胜地建设发展规划纲要》中将桂林国际旅游胜地建设正式上升为国家战略。作者受到此纲要的启发来撰写本文。以桂林市的大气污染为研究对象,以奥斯特罗姆的多中心治理理论为理论基础来对桂林大气污染治理的问题进行分析。本人通过实地走访环保部门,了解和搜集了桂林市大气污染的现状,运用数据和图表对大气污染的特征和趋势进行说明,从污染源和扩散条件两方面对桂林市产生大气污染的原因进行了分析,其中,污染源方面主要包括:机动车尾气、燃煤及工业排放、扬尘污染以及人口流动和人们环保意识薄弱;扩散条件方面则主要分析了桂林市的气象条件和地形条件,由于大气污染在桂林容易集聚而不易扩散,最终造成了污染物的堆积,进而导致空气质量的下降。桂林市政府和环保部门出台了一系列政策和措施来应对,归纳起来主要有三种类型。一种是行政型政策措施,一种是命令控制型政策措施,最后是经济鼓励型政策措施。它们各自在发挥成效的同时也反映出治理过程中存在的一些问题,涉及政府和环保部门、企业、个人和社会团体。本文运用多中心治理理论对产生这些问题的原因进行分析,认为桂林市在治理大气污染的过程中出现的问题是由于政府在大气污染治理中的作用发挥不足、我市粗放型的经济发展模式、公民和社会等第三方没有形成自治和政府缺少信息公开理念导致的。因此,作者在借鉴发达国家治理大气污染的有效经验基础上,根据多中心治理理论提出解决我市在大气污染治理过程中存在的问题。一是调整产业结构,优化经济布局;二是精准化治理,落实环境污染防治责任;三是推进信息公开,广泛动员社会参与;最后是加强全市机动车排气污染治理,推动绿色出行。
[Abstract]:According to the data from 2006 to 2016 in 86 key cities in China, the overall air quality of each city in China has been getting worse and worse in the past 11 years. Guilin is not immune to air pollution in most parts of the country today. In mid-2015, Guangxi's 14 prefectures ranked 13th in the air quality rankings and ranked second to the bottom. Guilin finished last in air quality in Guangxi in 2016. Guilin is famous for its landscape and beautiful scenery. But now, the air quality has been prohibitive, so how to build a beautiful mountain water, In 2012, the National Development and Reform Commission approved the outline of Guilin International Resort Construction and Development Plan, which formally promoted the Guilin International tourist Resort Construction as a national strategy. The author was inspired by this outline to write this article. Taking the air pollution in Guilin as the research object, and taking Ostrom's multi-center governance theory as the theoretical basis, this paper analyzes the problem of Guilin air pollution control. By visiting the environmental protection department on the spot, I have understood and collected the present situation of air pollution in Guilin, and used data and charts to explain the characteristics and trends of air pollution. The causes of air pollution in Guilin are analyzed in terms of pollution sources and diffusion conditions. The pollution sources mainly include motor vehicle exhaust, coal combustion and industrial emissions. Dust pollution, population mobility and people's weak awareness of environmental protection, and diffusion conditions mainly analyze the meteorological and topographic conditions of Guilin. Because air pollution is easy to gather in Guilin, it is not easy to diffuse, resulting in the accumulation of pollutants. This in turn leads to a decline in air quality. Guilin city government and environmental protection department issued a series of policies and measures to deal with, summed up there are three main types. One is administrative policy measure, the other is command and control policy measure, and the last is economic encouragement policy measure. As well as being effective, they also reflect some of the problems in governance, involving government and environmental protection departments, businesses, individuals and social groups. This paper analyzes the causes of these problems by using the multi-center governance theory, and concludes that the problems in the process of controlling air pollution in Guilin are due to the insufficient role of the government in the treatment of air pollution. Our city's extensive economic development model, citizens and society and other third parties have not formed autonomy and the lack of information disclosure concept of the government. Therefore, on the basis of the effective experience of developed countries in controlling air pollution, the author puts forward the solution to the problems existing in the process of air pollution control in our city according to the theory of multi-center governance. The first is to adjust the industrial structure and optimize the economic layout; the second is to control accurately and implement the responsibility of preventing and controlling environmental pollution; the third is to promote the disclosure of information and mobilize social participation extensively; and finally, to strengthen the treatment of motor vehicle exhaust pollution in the whole city to promote green travel.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X51

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