多源卫星遥感秸秆焚烧过火面积动态监测

发布时间：2018-05-11 09:24

本文选题：遥感 + 秸秆　；参考：《农业工程学报》2017年08期

【摘要】：该文针对秸秆焚烧过火面积动态监测中高时间、高空间分辨率难以同时实现的问题,提出利用多源数据(Landsat8、GF-1、HJ-1A/B)来提升中分辨率卫星遥感的观测频次,并通过叠置分析和面向对象影像分析技术提高面积提取精度。使用该方法对河南省太康县进行了8次单日内全覆盖的秸秆焚烧过火面积提取,并通过变化检测获取各乡镇农田秸秆焚烧的累计过火面积、新增过火面积和新增过火农田翻耕面积的时空变化趋势。经验证,面积提取精度达93.89%以上,秸秆焚烧新增过火面积变化趋势与环保部监测结果基本相符。经分析,秸秆焚烧通常会在农作物大面积收割后的某个时间点开始,由若干个起火点随时序朝某个主方向进行传播蔓延,过火区域会随之出现间歇性的大范围翻耕,二者同时进行,即秸秆焚烧新增过火面积与新增过火农田翻耕面积随时序呈反向波浪状变化。说明相比利用低空间分辨率遥感数据进行广域监测,该方法可得到时效性强且精度更高的过火面积空间分布信息,能揭示出秸秆焚烧现象在县、乡尺度上的变化规律与细节。
[Abstract]:In order to solve the problem of high time and high spatial resolution in dynamic monitoring of overfire area of straw incineration, this paper proposes using Landsat8GF-1HJ-1A / B data to enhance the observation frequency of medium-resolution satellite remote sensing. The precision of area extraction is improved by overlay analysis and object-oriented image analysis. This method was used to extract the overburning area of straw incineration in a single day in Taikang County, Henan Province, and the accumulative overfire area of straw incineration in every township was obtained by change detection. The time-space change trend of the new over-fire area and the new over-fire farmland tillage area. It is verified that the precision of area extraction is more than 93.89%, and the change trend of new overfire area in straw incineration is basically consistent with the monitoring results of the Ministry of Environmental Protection. According to analysis, straw burning usually starts at some point after a large area of crops is harvested, spreading from several fire points to a certain main direction at any time, and intermittent large-scale tillage occurs in the overfire area. Both of them were carried out at the same time, that is, the new overfire area of straw incineration and the newly overheated farmland tillage area changed in reverse wave shape at any time. Compared with using low spatial resolution remote sensing data for wide area monitoring, this method can obtain the spatial distribution information of overfire area with higher accuracy and efficiency, and can reveal the variation law and detail of straw burning phenomenon in county and township scale.
【作者单位】：河南省农业科学院农业经济与信息研究所;
【基金】：河南省农业科技成果转化资金项目(142201110033) 产粮大省奖励资金农业科技创新项目(ycm201513107) 河南省科技攻关计划重点项目(172102110090)
【分类号】：X87

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