贺江水系沉积物重金属空间分布特征、来源及潜在生态风险

发布时间：2018-05-11 12:05

本文选题：重金属 + 沉积物　；参考：《中国环境科学》2017年08期

【摘要】：以珠江一级支流——贺江水系沉积物为研究对象,通过系统采集表层沉积物样品,利用电感耦合等离子质谱仪(ICP-MS)和电感耦合光发射光谱仪(ICP-OES)测定As、Cd、Co、Cr、Cu、Mn、Ni、Pb、Sb、Tl、V、Zn和Fe等金属元素含量,查明流域沉积物中重金属空间分布特征,结合主成分分析和相关性分析等探讨贺江流域表层水系沉积物中重金属的来源,并利用地累积指数法、富集因子法和生态风险指数法评估了沉积物中重金属污染状况和潜在生态风险.结果表明:贺江流域表层水系沉积物中重金属受到不同程度的人为活动影响,As、Cd、Cu、Mn、Pb、Sb、Tl和Zn的平均含量高于我国西南五省水系沉积物中的重金属的平均值,而其它元素含量相对较低;地累积指数法(I_(geo))和富集因子法(EF)污染评价结果表明,贺江流域表层水系沉积物污染程度大小依次为SbAsCdPbZnTlCuMnCoVNiCr,其中,未受Co、Cr、Ni和V污染;各金属Hakanson潜在生态风险指数irE大小依次为SbTlAsCdPbCuCoNiZnVMnCr,重金属综合潜在生态风险指数(RI)为65.63~1142,其中,As、Cd、Sb和Tl的生态风险指数irE之和占综合指数RI的平均百分比为88.30%,表明As、Cd、Sb和Tl等4种重金属具有极强的生态风险;主成分分析提取的两个主成分的累积贡献率达到79.80%,结合野外调查资料和Pearson相关性分析结果,表明As、Cd、Cu、Mn、Pb、Sb、Tl、Zn主要源于农业生产活动、城镇生活污水、鱼养殖业和矿业活动的贡献,而Fe、Co、Cr、Ni和V则主要源于岩石自然风化的贡献.
[Abstract]:The sediments of the first-order tributary-Hejiang river system of the Pearl River were studied. The samples of surface sediments were collected systematically, and the contents of metallic elements such as AscdcdcdcdcdCoCoCU, NiPbPbSbTlVZN and Fe were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) and inductively coupled optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OESs), and the contents of metallic elements such as TlVZn and Fe were determined by ICP-MS and ICP-OESs, respectively. To find out the spatial distribution characteristics of heavy metals in river basin sediments, combining principal component analysis and correlation analysis, to explore the source of heavy metals in surface sediments of Hejiang River basin, and to use the method of ground accumulation index. Enrichment factor method and ecological risk index method were used to evaluate the pollution status and potential ecological risk of heavy metals in sediments. The results show that the average contents of heavy metals in the sediments of the surface water system of Hejiang River are higher than those in the sediments of the five provinces in southwest China, but the contents of other elements are relatively low. The results of soil accumulation index method and enrichment factor method show that the pollution degree of surface water sediment in Hejiang river basin is SbAsCdCdPbZnTlCuMnCoVNiCr-which is not polluted by CocoCr-Ni and V. The potential ecological risk index (irE) of each metal Hakanson is SbTlAsCdPbCuCoNiZnVMnCrand heavy metal integrated potential ecological risk index (RI) is 65.63 ~ 1142, in which the average percentage of the ecological risk index (irE) of SbTlAsCdPbCuCoNiZnVMnCrr and Tl is 88.30, indicating that the sum of SbTlAsCdPbCuCoNiZnVMnCrr and Tl etc. The four heavy metals have strong ecological risk. The cumulative contribution rate of the two principal components extracted by principal component analysis (PCA) was 79.80. Combined with field investigation data and Pearson correlation analysis, the results showed that the main sources of TlN Zn were agricultural production activities, urban domestic sewage, fish farming and mining activities. The contribution of the natural weathering of the rocks is mainly attributed to the Fe _ (Co _ (C) _ (Cr) _ (Ni) and V _ (V).
【作者单位】：中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室;中国科学院大学;广州大学珠江三角洲水质安全与保护协同创新中心;珠江流域水环境监测中心;
【基金】：水利部公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201501011) 环保部公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201509051) 贵州省科学技术基金项目(黔科合J字[2010]2235号)
【分类号】：X52

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