零价铝在水介质中的表面作用机制

发布时间：2018-05-13 05:42

  本文选题：零价铝 + 氧化膜　； 参考：《化学进展》2017年08期

【摘要】：近年来,具有极强还原性能的零价铝(Zero-Valent Aluminum,ZVAl)开始被应用于水中污染物的去除,正在发展成为一种新兴的水处理技术。但是,ZVAl表面被氧化形成的致密氧化层会阻碍其还原性能的发挥,成为该技术发展的限制因素。因此,全面了解ZVAl在水介质中的表面作用机制至关重要。其实,ZVAl与水反应产氢效率高,能源产氢领域的研究已相对深入。二者表面反应过程本质上相同,均是ZVAl失电子发生还原反应,最大的不同是电子的转移目标分别为水介质中的污染物和水介质本身。为克服表面氧化膜的限制,两大领域的学者们通过酸或碱溶解膜、机械球磨或合金化破坏膜、构筑电子通道形成可用膜、热处理改变氧化膜相组成等方法来处理表面膜从而提高ZVAl的反应活性。此外,ZVAl的外界水介质环境(包括温度、压力、水中存在的微量离子和有机酸、(氢)氧化物等)对ZVAl表面作用也存在显著的影响。因此,本文从氧化膜的形成、溶解、破坏、转变以及外界环境对氧化膜的影响角度出发,就目前国内外ZVAl在污染物去除和铝水反应产氢的表面作用机制方面的研究进展进行了综述和展望,以期促进ZVAl在两大领域应用的相互借鉴与共同发展。
[Abstract]:In recent years, Zero-Valent aluminum (Zero-Valent) ZVAlhas been applied to the removal of pollutants in water and is becoming a new water treatment technology. However, the dense oxide layer formed by oxidation on ZVAl surface will hinder its reduction performance and become a limiting factor for the development of the technology. Therefore, it is very important to fully understand the surface action mechanism of ZVAl in water medium. In fact, the hydrogen production efficiency of ZVAl reaction with water is high, and the research of energy hydrogen production field has been relatively deep. The process of surface reaction is essentially the same, which is the reduction reaction of ZVAl electron loss. The biggest difference is that the electron transfer target is the pollutant in water medium and the water medium itself. In order to overcome the limitation of the surface oxide film, the scholars in the two major fields have constructed the electronic channel to form the usable film through acid or alkali dissolution film, mechanical ball milling or alloying destruction film. The surface film was treated by heat treatment by changing the phase composition of the oxide film to improve the reactive activity of ZVAl. In addition, the external water environment of ZVAl (including temperature, pressure, trace ions in water and organic acid (hydrogen) oxides, etc.) also has a significant effect on the surface action of ZVAl. Therefore, in this paper, the formation of oxide film, dissolution, destruction, transformation and the impact of the external environment on the oxide film, The research progress of ZVAl in pollutant removal and hydrogen production mechanism of Aluminum-water reaction at home and abroad is reviewed and prospected in order to promote the mutual reference and common development of ZVAl application in the two fields.
【作者单位】： 海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室;山东省海洋环境地质工程重点实验室;中国海洋大学环境科学与工程学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(No.21677135)资助~~
【分类号】：X52
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本文编号：1881931