前置反硝化人工快速渗滤系统处理生活污水的试验研究

发布时间：2018-05-16 13:54

本文选题：人工快速渗滤系统 + 前置反硝化　；参考：《成都理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：人工快速渗滤系统(Constructed Rapid Infi1tration system, CRI)由于其低成本、低耗能、易操作以及出水水质好等优点近年来得到广泛研究和应用。相关研究表明,由于反硝化反应所需的缺氧环境及有机碳源的缺乏,该系统的脱氮效率较低,因此,强化人工快渗渗滤系统的脱氮能力成为目前的研究重点。本课题采用实验室构建A/O两段式人工快速渗滤系统,充分借鉴了活性污泥法中A/O工艺脱氮原理的设计思路,将传统CRI系统改进为前置反硝化CRI系统,研究了前置反硝化CRI系统对生活污水的处理性能,探讨了该系统有机物和总氮的去除机理,寻求该系统的最佳回流比条件。同时利用硝态氮在水中具有较大的溶解度对前置反硝化人工快速渗滤系统进行了改进,研究了改进型前置反硝化人工快速渗滤系统对生活污水的处理性能及其有机物和TN的去除机理,探讨了回流量不变的情况下,不同回流比条件对改进型前置反硝化人工快速渗滤系统脱氮效率的影响。最后,探讨了改进型前置反硝化人工快速渗滤系统的A段人工快速渗滤系统对硝态氮的去除动力学,构建A段人工快速渗滤系统去除硝态氮的动力学模型。A/O两段式前置反硝化人工快速渗滤系统的启动试验中,系统采用阶段式自然挂膜方式,A段系统对TN的去除率稳定在35%左右,O段系统对氨氮的去除率稳定在70%左右说明挂膜成功,整个过程总共历时34d。挂膜成功后,继续运行A/O两段式前置反硝化人工快速渗滤系统,在水力负荷80(cm3/cm2·d),回流比为100%条件下,系统对COD、NH4+-N的效果较好,平均去除率分别为90.2%,79.9%。而对TN的去除率提高到40.8%。因为反硝化菌利用原废水中的有机物作为碳源将回流液中的NO3--N还原为N2,从而降低了出水的TN浓度。回流比对NH4+-N和COD的去除影响较小,而对TN的的去除影响相对较大。随着回流比从50%增加到200%,TN的去除率先由31.4%上升到40.1%再下降为33.8%。通过改进运行方式,利用NO3-N在水中具有较大的溶解性,通过前面流入O段系统的污水将其中的N03-N淋洗出来进入回流,同时在O段系统配水2h后再将消化回流液通入O段系统内加强O段系统复氧的方式加强A/O两段式前置反硝化人工快速渗滤系统的脱氮性能。试验表明:改进后的系统由于污水对N03-N的淋洗作用,将O段系统转化的大部分NO3--N回流回A段系统进行反硝化将系统的TN去除率提高到了 78%。回流比对于改进型A/O两段式前置反硝化人工快速渗滤系统对COD和NH4+-N的去除影响很小,对TN有较大的影响。试验表明:TN去除效果在水力负荷为80cm3/(cm2·d)、回流比为75%时最好,去除率为 77.4%。推导出A段系统反硝化一级动力学模型:(S_e)/(S_0)=e~((-3.4301H)/(q~(2.2354))),经验证,该模型可以较好的反应A段系统对NO3-N的降解规律。
[Abstract]:Artificial rapid leachate system (CRI) has been widely studied and applied in recent years because of its advantages of low cost, low energy consumption, easy operation and good effluent quality. The related studies show that the denitrification efficiency of the system is low due to the lack of oxygen environment and organic carbon source for denitrification reaction. Therefore, strengthening the denitrification capacity of the artificial rapid infiltration system has become the focus of current research. In this paper, an A / O two-stage artificial rapid leachate system was constructed in laboratory. The principle of denitrification in the activated sludge process was fully used for reference, and the traditional CRI system was improved to pre-denitrification CRI system. The performance of pre-denitrification CRI system in treating domestic sewage was studied. The removal mechanism of organic matter and total nitrogen in the system was discussed, and the optimum reflux ratio was found out. At the same time, the prenitrification artificial rapid leachate system was improved by using nitrate nitrogen with high solubility in water. The treatment performance and removal mechanism of organic matter and TN of domestic sewage by improved pre-denitrification artificial rapid leachate system were studied, and the condition of constant reflux was discussed. Effect of different reflux ratio on denitrification efficiency of improved pre-nitrification artificial rapid infiltration system. Finally, the kinetics of nitrate-nitrogen removal by A section artificial rapid leachate system of modified pre-denitrification artificial rapid infiltration system is discussed. A kinetic model of nitrate-nitrogen removal by A stage artificial rapid infiltration system was constructed. The start-up test of A / O two-stage pre-denitrification artificial rapid infiltration system was carried out. In this system, the removal rate of TN by stage A system is about 35% or so, and the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen is about 70%, which indicates that the membrane is successful, and the whole process lasts for 34 days. After the membrane was successfully suspended, the A / O two-stage pre-nitrification artificial rapid infiltration system continued to be run. Under the hydraulic loading of 80(cm3/cm2 _ (d1) and the reflux ratio of 100%, the system had a better effect on COD _ (+) NH _ 4-N, with an average removal rate of 90.2% and 79.9%, respectively. The removal rate of TN was increased to 40.8%. Because denitrifying bacteria used organic matter in the original wastewater as carbon source, the NO3--N in the reflux solution was reduced to N _ 2, thus reducing the TN concentration of effluent. The effect of reflux ratio on the removal of NH4-N and COD is relatively small, while the removal of TN is relatively large. With the increase of the ratio of reflux from 50% to 200%, the removal of TN increased from 31.4% to 40.1%, and then decreased to 33.8. By improving the operation mode, using the NO3-N has greater solubility in the water, the N03-N is eluted into the reflux through the sewage flowing into the O stage system in the front. At the same time, the reoxygenation of O stage system was strengthened by feeding the digested reflux into O stage system for 2 h after the O stage system was distributed, and the denitrification performance of A / O two-stage pre nitrification artificial rapid infiltration system was enhanced. The experimental results show that because of the leaching effect of wastewater on N03-N, the TN removal rate of the improved system is increased to 78% by returning most of the NO3--N reflux from the O stage system to the A stage system for denitrification. The reflux ratio has little effect on the removal of COD and NH4-N, but has a great effect on TN. The experimental results show that the removal efficiency of 1: TN is the best when the hydraulic load is 80cm3/(cm2 DU, the reflux ratio is 75 and the removal rate is 77.4%. The first-order kinetic model of denitrification in stage A system was derived. The model was proved to be effective in the degradation of NO3-N in stage A system.
【学位授予单位】：成都理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X799.3

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