水中表面活性剂吸附材料的制备与性能研究

发布时间：2018-05-20 15:14

本文选题：紫外辐照 + 聚丙烯非织造布　；参考：《天津工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：针对水中表面活性剂污染严重的问题,制备出表面具有亲疏水端基的聚丙烯非织造布,并探究了功能化的非织造布对表面活性剂的吸附行为。本文首先采用紫外辐照接枝的方法将甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)接枝到聚丙烯非织造布(PP)的表面,其次用不同碳链长度(正丁胺或正辛胺或正十二胺)的胺与PP-g-GMA表面的环氧基团进行开环反应,制备出表面具有与表面活性剂分子相似结构的非织造布(PP-g-GMA-BA,PP-g-GMA-OA,PP-g-GMA-LA)。并且探究了不同因素对非织造布表面改性的影响。通过傅立叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、光电子能谱(XPS)、激光共聚焦显微镜(CLSM)和接触角(CA)对改性前后非织造布的结构、形貌及其亲水性能进行了表征。探究了表面具有亲疏水端基的非织造布对表面活性剂的吸附性能。结果表明,功能化的非织造布对表面活性剂的吸附效果明显提高;而且非织造布表面疏水端基碳链长度较长的PP-g-GMA-LA对表面活性剂具有较好的吸附效果。最后,本文深入研究了胶束的形成对PP-g-GMA-LA吸附性能的影响。研究发现当表面活性剂以分子的形态存在于溶液中时,可以与PP-g-GMA-LA非织造布表面的亲疏水位点形成氢键和范德华力,通过两种作用力的协同作用对表面活性剂分子进行吸附;当表面活性剂以胶束的形态存在于溶液中时,胶束是通过与非织造布内部的宏观孔结构之间形成三维的空间作用力进行吸附的。通过对PP-g-GMA-LA吸附表面活性剂的动力学研究发现,表面活性剂的吸附速率曲线符合准二级动力学曲线,表面活性剂分子与胶束在吸附过程中的控速步骤分别为分子内的扩散与表层之间的扩散过程。
[Abstract]:In view of the serious pollution of surfactant in water, polypropylene nonwovens with hydrophilic end group were prepared, and the adsorption behavior of surfactant on functional nonwovens was investigated. In this paper, glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) was grafted onto the surface of PP (PP) by ultraviolet irradiation. Secondly, the nonwoven fabric PP-g-GMA-BAn PP-g-GMA-OAA with similar structure to surfactant molecules was prepared by ring-opening reaction of amines with different carbon chain lengths (n-butylamine or n-octylamine or n-dodecylamine) with epoxy groups on the surface of PP-g-GMA. The influence of different factors on surface modification of nonwovens was also explored. The structure, morphology and hydrophilicity of nonwovens before and after modification were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), laser confocal microscopy (CLSM) and contact angle (CAA). The adsorption of surfactants on nonwovens with hydrophobic end group was investigated. The results showed that the adsorption effect of surfactant was improved obviously by functionalized nonwovens, and PP-g-GMA-LA with long hydrophobic end group carbon chain on the surface of nonwovens had better adsorption effect on surfactants. Finally, the effect of micelle formation on the adsorption properties of PP-g-GMA-LA was studied. It is found that when surfactant exists in solution as molecular form, hydrogen bond and van der Waals force can be formed with the affinity water level point on the surface of PP-g-GMA-LA nonwovens, and the surfactant molecules can be adsorbed by the synergistic action of the two forces. When the surfactant exists in the solution in the form of micelles, the micelles are adsorbed by three-dimensional spatial forces formed between the macroporous structure of the nonwovens. By studying the kinetics of PP-g-GMA-LA adsorption surfactant, it is found that the adsorption rate curve of surfactant accords with the quasi-second-order kinetic curve. The velocity control steps of surfactant molecules and micelles in the adsorption process are intramolecular diffusion and intersurface diffusion respectively.
【学位授予单位】：天津工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X703

【参考文献】