三江源国家生态保护综合试验区生态健康评价与生态补偿标准研究

发布时间：2018-05-23 06:48

本文选题：三江源国家生态保护综合试验区 + 生态健康评价　；参考：《青海师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：三江源国家生态保护综合试验区位于青海省南部,属于青藏高原气候变化的敏感区,也是青海省少数民族的聚居区。三江源的自然环境不但关系到省内各民族同胞的安居乐业,甚至影响全国的生态环境和社会的可持续发展。纵观过去的几十年,三江源的生态环境逐渐退化,土地呈现荒漠化态势、水土流失等问题不断加剧。在此背景下,对三江源国家生态保护综合试验区进行生态健康评价和生态补偿标准的研究就显得尤为重要。本研究利用遥感影像数据、景观数据、气象数据和社会经济统计数据,结合目前通用的生态健康评价模型(P-S-R模型)构建评价指标体系,进行试验区县域生态健康评价;运用CASA模型估算NPP,计算得出试验区的景观价值,最终以各县所处生态健康水平为依据制定补偿调整系数,得到试验区的生态补偿标准。本研究得出了以下两个主要结论:(1)2010到2014年,三江源国家生态保护综合试验区生态系统整体维持初步健康水平,其中海南藏族自治州整体生态健康水平呈下降态势,大部分区域由亚健康水平转向不健康水平;黄南藏族自治州整体生态健康水平略有下降,但始终以健康水平为主;果洛藏族自治州整体生态健康水平呈上升态势,始终以健康和很健康水平为主;玉树藏族自治州整体生态健康水平呈下降态势;海西蒙古族藏族自治州的唐古拉山镇的生态健康水平显著提高。(2)三江源国家生态保护综合试验区的补偿标准为341.97×108元,其中治多县的补偿标准最高为66.57×108元,尖扎县的补偿标准最低为2.13×108元。将生态补偿尺度扩展到州县级别,得到海南藏族自治州的生态补偿值为45.01×108元;黄南藏族自治州的生态补偿值为22.59×108元;果洛藏族自治州的生态补偿值为74.45×108元;玉树藏族自治州的生态补偿值为173.4×108元,海西蒙古族藏族自治州的唐古拉山镇的生态补偿值为26.52×108元。
[Abstract]:The national ecological comprehensive experimental area of Sanjiangyuan is located in the southern part of Qinghai Province. It is a sensitive area of climate change in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and also a concentrated area of ethnic minorities in Qinghai Province. The natural environment of the source of the three rivers is not only related to the peace and contentment of the compatriots of all nationalities in the province, but also affects the ecological environment and the sustainable development of the society in the whole country. In the past few decades, the ecological environment of the source of the three rivers has gradually degraded, the land has become desertification, and the problems of soil erosion have been aggravated. Under this background, it is very important to study the ecological health evaluation and ecological compensation standard of the national ecological protection comprehensive experimental area of Sanjiangyuan. In this study, remote sensing image data, landscape data, meteorological data and socio-economic statistical data, combined with the current general ecological health evaluation model (P-S-R model) to build an evaluation index system, the pilot area ecological health evaluation; The CASA model was used to estimate the landscape value of the experimental area. Finally, the compensation adjustment coefficient was formulated on the basis of the ecological health level of each county, and the ecological compensation standard of the experimental area was obtained. In this study, the following two main conclusions were drawn: from 2010 to 2014, the ecological system of the comprehensive ecological protection experimental area of Sanjiangyuan maintained the initial health level, and the overall ecological health level of Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture decreased. Most areas changed from sub-health level to unhealthy level; the overall ecological health level of Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture decreased slightly, but the health level was always dominant; the overall ecological health level of Guoluo Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture was on the rise. The whole ecological health level of Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture is declining. The ecological health level of Tanggula Mountain Town in Hexi Mongolian Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture has been significantly improved.) the compensation standard of the National Ecological Protection Comprehensive Experimental area of the three Rivers is 341.97 脳 10 ~ 8 yuan, of which the highest compensation standard in Zhiduo County is 66.57 脳 10 ~ 8 yuan. The minimum standard of compensation is 2.13 脳 108 yuan. The ecological compensation scale of Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture is 45.01 脳 108 yuan, the ecological compensation value of South Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture is 22.59 脳 108 yuan, the ecological compensation value of Guoluo Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture is 74.45 脳 108 yuan. The ecological compensation value of Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture is 173.4 脳 10 ~ 8 yuan, and that of Tanggula Mountain Town of Hexi Mongolian Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture is 26.52 脳 10 ~ 8 yuan.
【学位授予单位】：青海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X321;X826

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