近现代人类活动在巢湖CHX沉积柱中的记录

发布时间：2018-05-24 21:31

本文选题：巢湖 + 人类活动　；参考：《合肥工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：本学位论文以安徽省境内的巢湖为研究对象,通过对巢湖西湖区中心钻探获取的长度为150cm的编号为CHX孔中沉积物进行分析,获取粒度、磁化率、烧失量、光谱等各种生产力和重金属污染的代用指标,并对沉积物中的各种主微量元素地球化学数据分析,结合210Pb年代学的定年方法,综合分析了近200a来人类活动对巢湖湖泊环境演变的影响。分析计算得到巢湖CHX孔沉积物的沉积速率为0.13cm/yr。整个剖面组成主要以粉砂为主,黏土次之,几乎不含砂。主要的黏土矿物有绿泥石、伊利石、高岭石,其它矿物包括石英、斜长石、碳酸盐等。沉积物表层磁化率增高,另外,生产力代用指标的研究表明,巢湖表层生产力水平明显升高,极有可能是受到了人类活动的影响。地球化学元素分析方面,发现0-30cm间的表层沉积物(形成于约过去200a)中的稀土含量明显增加,轻重稀土比值(ΣLREE/ΣHREE)相对较高,显示出人为活动影响的加剧。主微量元素分析显现出各种元素应该是有多种来源或受多种因素控制,通过统计学分析并计算富集系数(EF)值,发现Pb、Zn、As、P、Hg元素受到明显的人为因素的影响。综合分析认为,不管是在富营养化还是重金属污染方面,巢湖CHX沉积柱都明显的记录了人类活动对湖泊沉积物的影响。
[Abstract]:This dissertation takes Chaohu Lake in Anhui Province as the research object, through the analysis of the sediment in the hole named CHX with the length of 150cm obtained by drilling in the center of Chaohu Lake West Lake area, the granularity, magnetic susceptibility and loss of fire are obtained. Spectrum and other alternative indices of productivity and heavy metal pollution, and the analysis of geochemical data of various principal and trace elements in sediments, combined with the 210Pb chronological dating method, The effects of human activities on the environmental evolution of Chaohu Lake in recent 200 years were comprehensively analyzed. The sedimentation rate of CHX pore sediment in Chaohu Lake is 0.13 cm / yr. The whole section is mainly composed of silt, followed by clay, almost no sand. The main clay minerals are chlorite, Illite, kaolinite, and other minerals include quartz, plagioclase, carbonate and so on. The surface layer magnetic susceptibility of sediments is increased. In addition, the study of productivity substitution index shows that the surface productivity level of Chaohu Lake is obviously increased, which is probably affected by human activities. In terms of geochemical element analysis, it is found that the contents of rare earth in the surface sediments between 0-30cm (formed in the past 200a) are obviously increased, and the ratio of 危 LREE/ 危 HREE is relatively high, indicating the aggravation of anthropogenic activities. The analysis of main trace elements showed that the elements should be controlled by many kinds of factors. Through statistical analysis and calculation of the enrichment coefficient (EFV), it was found that the elements of PbZZn-As-PnHg were obviously affected by human factors. The comprehensive analysis shows that, whether in eutrophication or heavy metal pollution, the CHX sediment column of Chaohu Lake obviously records the influence of human activities on lake sediments.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X524;P512.2

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