凉山地区生态环境脆弱性时空格局演变分析

发布时间：2018-05-25 10:41

本文选题：凉山地区 + 生态环境脆弱性　；参考：《成都理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：生态环境是人类赖以生存和持续发展的重要基本条件,是社会经济不断发展的物质基础。生态环境的改变不仅与自然环境变化有关,更受到人类活动影响。恰当的处理好人类社会与生态环境的关系,实现人与自然的和谐相处对人类社会的可持续发展有着重要战略意义。近年来,随着社会经济快速发展、人与自然环境间的矛盾日趋明显以及人们环保意识的提高,区域生态环境脆弱性变化已成为全球环境变化研究核心内容之一。凉山州地处四川省西南方且与云南省接壤,是国家实施西部大开发战略的重要地域,也是全省乃至西部重要生态功能区。凉山地区生态环境脆弱性变化状况不仅与境内社会经济健康发展息息相关,甚至会对全省乃至整个西部地区产生一定影响。因此,全面掌握凉山地区生态环境脆弱性变化状况和实现该地区生态环境状况综合治理与恢复性建设是十分必要的。本研究从理论方面对国内外生态环境脆弱性的相关研究进展进行详细阐述分析,并在此基础上,将西南山地农牧交错带生态环境脆弱典型区凉山州作为研究对象,从该地区现实所面临的生态环境问题出发,借助遥感和地理信息系统技术,结合已有成果对2000~2015年间凉山地区生态环境脆弱性的时空格局演变规律进行探索与分析,以期为当地生态环境治理提供理论参考依据。通过对2000~2015年凉山地区生态环境脆弱性时空格局演变规律的探索与分析,研究主要取得如下成果:⑴凉山地区生态环境脆弱度整体上呈现出由南向北逐渐降低的梯度变化特征。总体而言,凉山州南部地区生态环境脆弱程度与北部地区相比相对较高,生态系统受到的破坏程度相对明显,生态环境质量也相对较差。⑵就生态环境脆弱度空间分布差异性而言,凉山地区各等级脆弱度评价单元在空间分布上也存在着明显的区域差异特征。重度和中度脆弱带主要分布于州内社会经济相对发达且人口分布相对集中的几个县市的部分区域,微度和潜在弱区则主要分布于凉山州西部和东北部大部分区域。⑶从时间角度对凉山地区整个时段生态环境脆弱性的变化概况进行分析,各等级脆弱度评价单元的单一动态变化速率,表现为中度潜在重度微度轻度;凉山地区生态环境脆弱性综合动态变化速率数值偏小,表明该地区生态环境整体脆弱性变化速度不明显;整体状态与趋势变化指数则描述出,研究区生态环境脆弱性整体处平衡状态,各等级脆弱度间呈现显著的双向转换变化状态;最后,就生态环境脆弱性综合指数变化状况分析,结果表明凉山地区生态环境脆弱性状况整体有逐渐好转的变化趋势,客观反映出随着时间的推移和环保力度的加大,人们对生态环境治理与保护所采取的系列重大措施,正在逐步发挥出更加明显的效果。
[Abstract]:Ecological environment is an important basic condition for human survival and sustainable development, and it is also the material basis for the continuous development of social economy. The change of ecological environment is not only related to the change of natural environment, but also affected by human activities. It is of great strategic significance for the sustainable development of human society to properly deal with the relationship between human society and ecological environment and to realize the harmony between man and nature. In recent years, with the rapid development of social economy, the contradiction between human and natural environment is becoming more and more obvious, and people's awareness of environmental protection is improving, the change of regional ecological environment vulnerability has become one of the core contents of global environmental change research. Liangshan prefecture is located in the southwest of Sichuan province and bordered with Yunnan province. It is an important region for the country to carry out the strategy of western development, and also an important ecological function area for the whole province and even the western region. The change of ecological environment vulnerability in Liangshan area is not only closely related to the healthy development of social economy in China, but also has a certain impact on the whole province and even the whole western region. Therefore, it is necessary to master the changes of ecological environment vulnerability in Liangshan area and to realize the comprehensive management and restoration of ecological environment in this area. In this study, the related research progress of ecological environment vulnerability at home and abroad is analyzed in theory, and on the basis of this, Liangshan Prefecture, a typical ecological environment fragile area in the ecotone of southwest mountainous region, is taken as the research object. Based on the problems of ecological environment in Liangshan area, and with the help of remote sensing and geographic information system technology, this paper explores and analyzes the evolution law of space-time pattern of ecological environment vulnerability in Liangshan area from 2000 to 2015. In order to provide a theoretical reference for the local ecological environment management. Based on the exploration and analysis of the temporal and spatial pattern evolution of ecological environment vulnerability in Liangshan area from 2000 to 2015, the main achievements of the study are as follows: 1. The ecological environment fragility of Liangshan area presents a gradient change from south to north as a whole. In general, the ecological environment in southern Liangshan prefecture is relatively high compared with the northern region, and the damage to the ecosystem is relatively obvious. The quality of ecological environment is also relatively poor. 2 in terms of the spatial distribution difference of ecological environmental vulnerability, there are obvious regional differences in the spatial distribution of each grade vulnerability evaluation unit in Liangshan area. The severe and moderate fragile zones are mainly distributed in parts of several counties and cities with relatively developed social and economic conditions and relatively concentrated population distribution within the state. The microscopes and potential weak areas were mainly distributed in the west and northeast of Liangshan. 3. From the point of view of time, the changes of ecological and environmental vulnerability in Liangshan region during the whole period were analyzed. The single dynamic change rate of each grade vulnerability evaluation unit showed moderate potential severe microdegree, while the comprehensive dynamic change rate of ecological environment vulnerability in Liangshan area was small. The results show that the overall vulnerability of the ecological environment in this area is not obvious, the whole state and the trend change index describe the equilibrium state of the whole ecological environment vulnerability in the study area, and the fragility of each grade shows a significant change state in both directions. Finally, the comprehensive index of ecological environment vulnerability is analyzed. The results show that the overall situation of ecological environment vulnerability in Liangshan area has a trend of gradual improvement, which objectively reflects the increasing intensity of environmental protection with the passage of time. A series of important measures taken by people to control and protect the ecological environment are gradually exerting more obvious effects.
【学位授予单位】：成都理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X171.1

【参考文献】