基于生态系统供给及净化服务功能的贵州省水生态占用研究

发布时间：2018-05-26 09:07

本文选题：生态系统服务功能 + 供给功能　；参考：《环境科学学报》2017年07期

【摘要】：针对传统及现有水生态足迹理论及其模型存在的缺陷与不足,本文提出了基于生态系统供给及净化服务功能的贵州省水生态占用概念与模型,将其划分为生物生产和非生物生产的水生态占用两部分,建立水产品、水资源、水环境3类账户,并在此基础上以2000—2014年的贵州省为例进行计算分析,结果表明:(1)水产品账户中,贵州省水产品消费的水生态占用总体呈上升趋势,水生态承载力波动变化较小,水产品消费呈生态赤字状态,且其生态压力较大;(2)水资源账户中,贵州省淡水资源的水生态占用整体呈逐渐上升趋势,水生态承载力则呈明显波动的趋势,且变化幅度较大,淡水资源消费处于生态盈余状态,且其与水生态承载力的变化态势一致,淡水资源消费的生态压力较小;(3)水环境账户中,水环境生态压力主要来源于氮污染,2000—2010年消纳污染的水生态占用变化不大,2011—2014年波动较大,历年生活水污染账户值均大于工业,今后要注重加强生活水污染防治,消纳污染的水生态承载力呈波动变化的趋势,水环境处于生态赤字状态,且其生态压力较高;(4)与现有生态足迹模型的比较分析可知:该模型核算更为全面;不考虑均衡因子,并以最大水生态压力指数来评价区域水生态系统所承受的压力状态具有合理性,更能准确反映贵州水生态的实际情况和水生态文明建设的需要.
[Abstract]:In view of the shortcomings and shortcomings of the traditional and existing water ecological footprint theory and its model, the concept and model of the ecological occupancy of Guizhou Province Based on the ecosystem supply and purification service are proposed, which are divided into two parts of the ecological occupation of biological production and non biological production, and the 3 types of accounts of aquatic products, water resources and water environment are established. On the basis of this, the accounts of Guizhou province from 2000 to 2014 were calculated and analyzed. The results showed that: (1) in the account of the aquatic products, the water ecological occupancy of water products consumption in Guizhou province was generally on the rise, the fluctuation of water ecological carrying capacity was small, the consumption of aquatic products was ecologically red, and its ecological pressure was large; (2) the water resources account was expensive. The water ecological occupancy of the fresh water resources in the state is increasing gradually, and the water ecological carrying capacity is obviously fluctuating, and the change range is large. The consumption of fresh water resources is in the ecological surplus state, and it is consistent with the change of water ecological carrying capacity, and the ecological pressure of fresh water consumption is small. (3) water environment accounts, water environment students. The main source of state pressure is from nitrogen pollution. The ecological occupancy of water pollution from 2000 to 2010 has not changed much. The fluctuation of the water pollution accounts from 2011 to 2014 is larger than that of the industry. In the future, the prevention and control of water pollution should be strengthened, and the ecological carrying capacity of water pollution is fluctuating, and the water environment is in the state of ecological deficit. And its ecological pressure is high; (4) compared with the existing ecological footprint model, it can be found that the model is more comprehensive, and it is reasonable to evaluate the pressure state of the regional water ecosystem without considering the equilibrium factor and the maximum water ecological pressure index, and can accurately reflect the actual situation of Guizhou water ecology and the construction of water ecological civilization. The need to set up.
【作者单位】：重庆师范大学地理与旅游学院;重庆市三峡库区地表过程与环境遥感重点实验室;贵州科学院山地资源研究所;中国地质大学生物地质与环境地质国家重点实验室;
【基金】：贵州省科技创新人才团队(No.[2014]4014) 国家重点研发计划(No.2016YFC0400708) 贵州应用基础重大科技专项(No.JZ[2014]200206)~~
【分类号】：TV213.4;X52

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