浙江省近岸海域生态环境健康评估和对策研究

发布时间：2018-05-30 21:24

本文选题：浙江省 + 近岸海域　；参考：《沈阳理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：浙江省位于我国东南沿海地区,地处长三角南端,经济发展较快造成近岸海域环境污染加剧。目前,浙江省近岸海域大部分水质为劣四类,富营养状况严重,赤潮频发,部分区域生物荒漠化严重。因此对浙江省近岸海域开展全面的生态环境健康评价和问题诊断、提出有效防治措施,保护浙江省近岸海域水生态环境,为浙江省经济与环境保护可持续发展提供科学依据。本文的研究工作主要包括以下几个方面:(1)通过构建以水环境质量指数、沉积物质量指数、生态健康指数和生物质量指数为分目标层的近岸海域生态环境健康综合评价指标体系开展浙江省近岸海域生态环境健康评价,综合评价了浙江省近岸海域生态环境健康。发现各地市和主要海湾得分在2.3-3分之间,普遍为差和一般,得分情况是温州市宁波市、舟山市、台州市三门湾杭州湾、象山湾、乐清湾、嘉兴市,造成评价结果较差的主要原因是水环境和生态得分较低。(2)通过承载力计算诊断浙江省近岸海域生态环境问题,本文设计了一种基于污染物实测浓度与海域输入的污染物负荷响应关系的新承载力计算方法,得出了沿海各地级市主要污染物的近期和中长期输入负荷目标,其中各地级市总氮近期输入目标为:宁波市2600t/a,温州市25884t/a,嘉兴市24924t/a,舟山市273t/a,台州市327t/a;中长期输入目标为:宁波市2000t/a,温州市25884t/a,嘉兴市18693t/a,舟山市273t/a,台州市297t/a。各地级市总磷近期输入目标为:宁波市576 t/a,温州市646 t/a,嘉兴市4485 t/a,舟山市49 t/a,台州市38 t/a;中长期输入目标为:宁波市576 t/a,温州市646 t/a,嘉兴市3541t/a,舟山市49 t/a,台州市38 t/a。(3)通过承载力计算,诊断出近岸海域陆源污染、富营养化、敏感区生态破坏等浙江省近岸海域主要环境问题。(4)根据诊断得出的主要生态环境问题,本文提出削减绿源污染,长江控磷控氮、企业空间管控、企业准入管控等措施。
[Abstract]:Zhejiang Province is located in the southeast coastal area of China, located at the southern end of the Yangtze River Delta. At present, most of the water quality in the coastal waters of Zhejiang Province is classified into four categories, with serious eutrophication, frequent red tide, and serious biological desertification in some regions. Therefore, comprehensive ecological environment health assessment and problem diagnosis are carried out in the coastal waters of Zhejiang Province, and effective prevention measures are put forward to protect the aquatic ecological environment in the coastal waters of Zhejiang Province, thus providing a scientific basis for the sustainable development of economic and environmental protection in Zhejiang Province. The research work in this paper mainly includes the following aspects: 1. Through the construction of water environmental quality index, sediment quality index, Ecological health index and biological quality index are the target layers of ecological environment health evaluation index system of coastal sea area in Zhejiang province, and the ecological environment health of Zhejiang coastal sea area is comprehensively evaluated. It was found that the scores of each prefecture and main bay were between 2.3 and 3, which were generally poor and general. The scores were Ningbo City, Zhoushan City, Sanmen Bay, Xiangshan Bay, Yueqing Bay, Jiaxing City, Taizhou City. The main reason for the poor evaluation results is that the water environment and ecological score are low. (2) the ecological environment problems in the coastal waters of Zhejiang Province are diagnosed through carrying capacity calculation. In this paper, a new bearing capacity calculation method based on the relationship between the measured concentration of pollutants and the load response of pollutants input in the sea area is designed, and the short-term and medium- and long-term input load targets of major pollutants in coastal cities are obtained. The short-term input targets of total nitrogen in cities at the local level are: Ningbo 2600t / a, Wenzhou 25884t / a, Jiaxing 24924t / a, Zhoushan 273t / a, Taizhou 327t / a; medium and long term input targets are: Ningbo 2000t / r, Wenzhou 25884t / a, Jiaxing 18693t / a, Zhoushan 273tr / a, Taizhou 297tr / a. The short-term input targets of total phosphorus in cities at prefectural level are: Ningbo 576 t / a, Wenzhou 646 t / a, Jiaxing 4485 t / a, Zhoushan 49 t / a, Taizhou 38 t / a; medium and long term input targets: Ningbo 576 t / a, Wenzhou 646 t / a, Jiaxing 3541 t / a, Zhoushan 49 t / a, Taizhou City 38 t / a. The main environmental problems in the coastal waters of Zhejiang Province, such as land-based pollution, eutrophication and ecological destruction in sensitive areas, are diagnosed. According to the main ecological environmental problems of the diagnosis, this paper proposes to reduce the pollution of green sources and control phosphorus and nitrogen in the Yangtze River. Enterprise space control, enterprise access control and other measures.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X826;X55

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