工业废水排放与经济增长脱钩的省际差异研究

发布时间：2018-06-05 12:34

本文选题：工业废水 + 经济增长　；参考：《中国人口·资源与环境》2017年11期

【摘要】：工业的迅猛发展为我国经济增长奠定了坚实的基础,但与此同时其排放的大量工业废水对生态环境和民生福祉造成了恶劣的影响。基于2009—2014年我国31省区的数据,首次尝试构建工业废水排放与经济增长的脱钩模型,利用Tapio脱钩体系中的8种状态具体分析两者的相互关系及作用程度,并进一步从产业与资源两个视角对脱钩状态从技术、结构、生态和效率四个方面进行因素分解,最终通过对比分析后得到工业废水与经济增长脱钩的主导因素,结果表明:(1)研究期内,除贵州为增长连接状态外,我国余下30个省区均实现了工业废水与经济增长的脱钩,其中19个省区为强脱钩,基本分布在我国地理上中部和南部地区,其余11个省区为弱脱钩,大多在我国的北部地区,脱钩状态呈现"南弱北强"的分布局势。(2)以产业角度对脱钩总指标进行分解发现,全国87%的省份尚未实现结构脱钩,而只有贵州尚未达到技术的脱钩标准,另外,除了黑龙江,贵州是以结构脱钩为主导,其他29省均表现为技术脱钩占优势,即技术指标为脱钩关键因素。(3)以资源的角度对脱钩总指标分解发现,全国均满足了效率脱钩的条件,但不同地区在结构与生态脱钩状态上存在明显的地区差异特色,即效率指标为脱钩关键因素。据此,本文提出针对性建议:(1)国家层面上,应该及时更新工业废水排放标准,充分利用经济手段,对污水处理分档次计费,增强管理制度的规范性和科学性。(2)省份层面上,应深入理解脱钩关系背后的实质问题,处理好效率、技术、结构三者的关系,以其协调发展逐步实现工业废水与经济增长的强脱钩状态。
[Abstract]:The rapid development of industry has laid a solid foundation for the economic growth of our country, but at the same time, a large amount of industrial waste water discharged by it has a bad impact on the ecological environment and people's well-being. Based on the data of 31 provinces and regions in China from 2009-2014, a decoupling model of industrial wastewater discharge and economic growth was constructed for the first time. The relationship and the degree of interaction between the two were analyzed by using eight states in the decoupling system of Tapio. Furthermore, the decoupling state is decomposed from the view of industry and resources from the four aspects of technology, structure, ecology and efficiency. Finally, through comparative analysis, the dominant factors of decoupling between industrial wastewater and economic growth are obtained. The results show that during the research period, except for Guizhou, the remaining 30 provinces and regions of China have achieved the decoupling of industrial waste water from economic growth, 19 of which are strongly decoupled, and basically distributed in the central and southern regions of China. The other 11 provinces and regions are weak decoupling, most of which are in the northern part of our country. The state of decoupling presents the distribution situation of "strong in the south, weak in the north". The total index of decoupling is decomposed from the angle of industry. It is found that 87% of the provinces in the country have not yet achieved structural decoupling. Only Guizhou has yet to meet the technical decoupling standard. In addition, except for Heilongjiang, Guizhou is dominated by structural decoupling, and the other 29 provinces are characterized by technological decoupling. That is, the technical index is the key factor of decoupling. (3) decomposing the total index of decoupling from the angle of resources, it is found that the condition of efficiency decoupling is satisfied in the whole country, but there are obvious regional differences in structural and ecological decoupling in different regions. The efficiency index is the key factor of decoupling. Accordingly, this paper puts forward some specific suggestions at the national level, that is, we should update the industrial wastewater discharge standards in time, make full use of economic means, charge sewage treatment into different grades, and strengthen the normative and scientific aspects of the management system at the provincial level. It is necessary to deeply understand the essential problems behind the decoupling relationship, deal well with the relations among efficiency, technology and structure, and gradually realize the strong decoupling state between industrial wastewater and economic growth with its coordinated development.
【作者单位】：河海大学低碳经济与技术研究所;江苏省"世界水谷"与水生态文明协同创新中心;河海大学企业管理学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目“绿色水资源利用效率的空间异质性及其与新型城镇化的耦合”(批准号:41301620);“社会网络关系嵌入下小型农田水利农户参与供给研究”(批准号:41501126) 中央高校业务基金项目“海绵城市建设的水资源保障研究”(批准号:2016B09714)
【分类号】：F124.1;X703

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