新型过滤式厌氧生物膜反应器低温处理低负荷污水

发布时间：2018-06-07 05:14

  本文选题：新型厌氧反应器 + 低温低负荷　； 参考：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：新型过滤式厌氧生物膜反应器结合了动态膜反应器(DMBR)与生物膜反应器的优势,结构类似于DMBR,由膜组件上附着的动态膜完成反应器固液分离的作用。不同于DMBR主要依靠反应器内悬浮污泥进行污染物去除的方式,新型反应器的污染物去除同样由动态膜完成,因为动态膜同时还是富含附着生长的微生物的生物膜。新型反应器内污水透过生物膜出水,污染物通过吸附降解和固液分离两个过程同时完成。污水被水压驱动透过生物膜出水,传质效率要高于传统生物膜传质方式,提高了反应器的污染物去除效率。由于反应器内无悬浮污泥存在,故大大缓解了膜污染问题,提高了反应器运行稳定性。新型反应器使用低成本无纺布为膜组件的材料,孔径大于微滤/超滤膜,故可以利用水头高差自流出水,反应器内无需提供扰动,这两点大大降低了反应器运行能耗。由于厌氧处理低负荷污水所产出的能量较少,常用的中温厌氧工艺会造成能量极大的浪费,本实验采用低温(18℃)环境运行。同悬浮生长的微生物相比,附着生长的微生物具有更好的环境适应能力,能够较快的适应低温环境。在低温环境下,新型过滤式厌氧生物膜反应器在HRT为12 h,出水通量为3.2 LMH的条件下连续运行了 122天。经过微生物适应低温环境后,新型反应器对于COD去除率稳定在80%以上。由分析数据发现,透过膜传质的方式较生物膜表面传质,对于低温环境拥有更快的适应能力。同时我们对新型反应器的过滤性能也进行了研究,在经过了运行初期的跨膜压差(TMP)快速上升之后,连续运行了 122天后,反应器跨膜压差(TMP)基本稳定在8 cm·H_2O,在此期间无需进行任何的膜清洗,反应器运行稳定。新型反应器的出水浊度一直维持在1.5 NTU以下,且无出水酸化现象发生,出水挥发性脂肪酸含量正常,平均为26.6 mg/L。HRT对于新型反应器运行状态的影响研究中,通过对比HRT分别为7.5 h和12 h的两个新型反应器的各种运行参数后发现:HRT对于出水浊度的影响不大,两个反应器出水浊度均维持在1.8 NTU以下;对COD去除率来说,在微生物适应了低温环境后HRT的影响才开始显现出来,在这个阶段,HRT为12 h和7.5 h的COD去除率分比为77.4%和72.8%;新型反应器在HRT更短即出水通量更大的条件下,透过膜传质的传质效率要大大高于出水通量较小的反应器;HRT对反应器过滤性能的影响较大,HRT为12 h和7.5 h的反应器连续运行100天后跨膜压差分别达到9.9和16.6 cm·H_2O。总体来看,新型过滤式生物膜反应器基本上达到了低成本、低能耗、高效稳定运行的要求,是一个具有很大发展潜力的污水处理工艺。
[Abstract]:The new filter anaerobic biofilm reactor combines the advantages of the dynamic membrane reactor (DMBR) and the biofilm reactor. The structure is similar to that of the DMBR, and the dynamic membrane attached to the membrane module completes the solid-liquid separation of the reactor. Unlike DMBR, which mainly relies on suspended sludge to remove pollutants in the reactor, the removal of pollutants in the new reactor is also accomplished by the dynamic membrane, because the dynamic membrane is also a biofilm rich in attached and growing microorganisms. The wastewater in the new reactor passes through the biofilm effluent, and the pollutants are treated simultaneously by adsorption degradation and solid-liquid separation. The mass transfer efficiency of wastewater driven by water pressure through the biofilm effluent is higher than that of the traditional biofilm mass transfer method, which improves the removal efficiency of pollutants in the reactor. Because there is no suspended sludge in the reactor, the membrane fouling problem is greatly alleviated and the stability of the reactor is improved. The new reactor uses low cost non-woven cloth as the material of membrane assembly, and its pore diameter is larger than that of microfiltration / ultrafiltration membrane, so it can use the water head height difference self-flow effluent without providing disturbance in the reactor, which greatly reduces the running energy consumption of the reactor. Due to the low energy produced by anaerobic treatment of low-load wastewater, the commonly used medium-temperature anaerobic process will cause a great waste of energy, so this experiment is run in a low temperature of 18 鈩，

本文编号：1989966