电力供应链碳减排方式选择研究

发布时间：2018-06-13 22:11

本文选题：电力供应链 + 碳减排　；参考：《北京交通大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：为加快推进绿色低碳发展,2016年国家政策提出到2020年,单位国内生产总值二氧化碳排放量和单位工业增加值二氧化碳排放量分别比2015年下降18%和22%的减排目标,同时2017年全面启动全国碳排放权交易市场。而电力行业也成为首批被纳入到全国碳排放权交易体系的重点行业之一,电力行业是我国碳排放的重大来源,因此促进我国的碳减排,电力行业无疑是十分关键的行业。尤其是燃煤电厂,作为碳排放的大户,实施碳减排刻不容缓。本文从电力供应链角度出发,以燃煤火电厂和下游供电企业为主要研究对象,同时将节能服务公司作为提供专业碳减排服务的经营主体纳入到电力供应链碳减排系统中,通过充分分析电力供应链的各个主体的各方面的影响因素,构建了碳交易机制下电力供应链碳减排的系统动力学模型。基于碳交易机制,本文主要研究了电力供应链的三种碳减排方式:(1)发电商独自实施碳减排;(2)发电商和售电商合作碳减排;(3)发电商和节能服务公司合作碳减排。运用模型,对不同碳减排方式进行模拟分析,研究了碳交易价格、低碳电价让利系数、收益共享系数、投资总费用和减排量等关键因素,分析电力供应链主体的碳减排相关的决策问题,根据研究结论提出了相应的碳减排建议。研究结果表明,本文运用系统动力学方法建立的电力供应链碳减排模型具有一定的可行性和可操作性,可以有效反映电力供应链碳减排过程中的相关决策问题。通过综合分析,主要得到以下结论:(1)售电商合作碳减排和节能服务公司合作碳减排,这两种合作碳减排方式都优于发电商独自碳减排,都是可供优先选择的碳减排方式;(2)碳排放权交易是促进电力供应链改革,促进电力企业积极实施碳减排,促进低碳技术研发及应用的一种有效机制;(3)不管在哪种碳减排方式下,碳交易价格都是影响各方经营决策的重要因素,目前碳交易价格不合理,价格偏低,不能体现节能服务公司实施碳减排的优势,不利于促进电力供应链的碳减排,因此在国家政策的指引下形成合理的碳交易价格对于低碳发展十分必要。
[Abstract]:In order to accelerate the development of green and low carbon, the 2016 national policy proposes to reduce carbon dioxide emissions per unit of gross domestic product (GDP) by 18% and carbon dioxide emissions per unit of added value of industry by 22% compared with 2015 by 2020. At the same time in 2017, the full start of the national carbon emissions trading market. The electric power industry has also become one of the first key industries which have been incorporated into the national carbon emission trading system. The electric power industry is a major source of carbon emissions in China. Therefore, to promote carbon emission reduction in China, the power industry is undoubtedly a very key industry. Especially the coal-fired power plant, as a large-scale carbon emission, the implementation of carbon emission reduction is urgent. From the point of view of power supply chain, this paper takes coal-fired power plants and downstream power supply enterprises as the main research object, and at the same time, brings the energy-saving service company into the carbon emission reduction system of power supply chain as the main body of providing professional carbon abatement services. Based on the analysis of the influencing factors of each main body in the power supply chain, the dynamic model of carbon emission reduction in the power supply chain under the carbon trading mechanism is constructed. Based on the carbon trading mechanism, this paper mainly studies three carbon emission reduction modes in power supply chain: 1) the power generation companies implement carbon emission reduction by themselves (2) the electricity producers and the electricity sellers cooperate to reduce carbon emissions / 3) the power generation companies and the energy saving service companies cooperate in carbon emission reduction. By using the model, the key factors, such as carbon trading price, low carbon electricity price yield coefficient, income sharing coefficient, total investment cost and emission reduction amount, are studied by simulation and analysis of different carbon emission reduction methods, such as carbon trading price, low carbon electricity price, profit sharing coefficient, total investment cost and emission reduction. This paper analyzes the decision problems related to carbon abatement in power supply chain, and puts forward corresponding suggestions on carbon emission reduction according to the conclusion of the research. The results show that the carbon emission reduction model of power supply chain based on system dynamics method is feasible and feasible, and it can effectively reflect the relevant decision problems in the process of carbon reduction in power supply chain. Through comprehensive analysis, we can get the following conclusions: (1) the cooperative carbon emission reduction of e-commerce companies and the cooperative carbon emission reduction of energy-saving service companies, both of which are superior to the sole carbon emission reduction of power generation companies, Carbon emissions trading is an effective mechanism for promoting the reform of the power supply chain, the active implementation of carbon emission reduction by power enterprises, and the development and application of low-carbon technologies. Carbon trading price is an important factor that affects the management decision of all parties. At present, the price of carbon trading is unreasonable and low, which can not reflect the advantages of energy-saving service companies to implement carbon emission reduction, and is not conducive to promoting carbon emission reduction in power supply chain. Therefore, it is necessary for low-carbon development to form a reasonable carbon trading price under the guidance of national policies.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X322;F426.61

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