太湖富营养化湖区秋季水体和沉积物中硝化微生物分布特征及控制因素

发布时间：2018-06-20 03:39

本文选题：氨氧化细菌 + 氨氧化古菌　；参考：《湖泊科学》2017年06期

【摘要】：微生物参与下的氮循环是富营养化湖泊十分重要的生物地球化学循环过程.采用基于amoA功能基因和16S rRNA基因的荧光定量PCR、PCR-DGGE与高通量测序等分子生物学技术,调查秋季太湖不同水体和表层沉积物中氨氧化古菌(AOA)、氨氧化细菌(AOB)和亚硝酸盐氧化菌(NOB)群落丰度和组成,探讨影响硝化微生物分布的关键环境因子.结果表明,中度富营养化的梅梁湾湖区水体表层、中层和底层水样和表层底泥中AOA amoA基因的丰度分别低于轻度富营养化的湖心区,而不同层水样中AOB amoA基因的丰度分别高于湖心区.梅梁湾湖区和湖心区水样中AOA群落组成基本相似,2个湖区表层沉积物样品中AOA群落组成亦基本相似,水体中AOA群落组成与表层沉积物中AOA群落组成有差异,AOA群落丰度显著受硝态氮、pH和DO影响;表层沉积物中AOB群落丰度有明显差异且显著受总氮含量影响,表层沉积物中NOB群落丰度也有明显差异且显著受亚硝态氮含量影响.太湖梅梁湾湖区和湖心区水体与表层沉积物AOA群落包括Nitrosopumilium和Nitrosotalea两大属;表层沉积物AOB群落主要包括亚硝化单胞菌(Nitrosomonas)和亚硝化螺菌(Nitrosospira)两大属,NOB群落主要包括硝化刺菌(Nitrospina)和硝化螺菌(Nitrospira)两大属,其中硝化螺菌属是淡水湖泊中比较少见的亚硝酸盐氧化菌.影响太湖水体和沉积物中AOA和AOB丰度的最主要环境因子为总氮、总磷与铵态氮.研究表明典型富营养指标(总氮、总磷、铵态氮、硝态氮和硝态氮等)是影响太湖梅梁湾和湖心区水体和沉积物中AOA或AOB丰度以及硝化微生物群落丰度的重要因素.
[Abstract]:Nitrogen cycling with the participation of microorganisms is a very important biogeochemical cycle process in eutrophic lakes. Fluorescence quantitative PCR PCR DGGE and high throughput sequencing were used based on amoA functional gene and 16s rRNA gene. The abundance and composition of AOAA, AOB and NOB communities in different water bodies and surface sediments of Taihu Lake in autumn were investigated, and the key environmental factors affecting the distribution of nitrifying microorganisms were discussed. The results showed that the abundance of AOA amoA gene in the surface, middle and bottom water samples and sediments of Meiliang Bay Lake region with moderate eutrophication was lower than that in the mild eutrophication area, respectively. The abundance of AOB amoA gene in different layers of water samples was higher than that in the central lake area. The composition of AOA community in water samples of Meiliangwan Lake area and central lake area was similar, and the composition of AOA community in surface sediment samples of two lakes was similar. The composition of AOA community in water body is different from that in surface sediment. The abundance of AOA community is significantly affected by pH and do of nitrate nitrogen, and the abundance of AOB community in surface sediment is obviously different and affected by total nitrogen content. The abundance of NOB community in surface sediments was also significantly different and significantly affected by nitrite nitrogen content. AOA community in water and surface sediments in Meiliang Bay Lake and Central Lake area of Taihu Lake consists of Nitrosopumilium and Nitrosotalea. The AOB community of surface sediments mainly includes Nitrosomonas (Nitrosomonas) and Nitrosospira. (Nitrosospira.). The two genera of AOB community mainly include nitrifying spinula (Nitrospina) and nitrifying spirillum (Nitrospira), among which nitrifying spirillum is a rare nitrite oxidizing bacteria in fresh water lakes. The main environmental factors affecting AOA and AOB abundance in Taihu Lake were total nitrogen, total phosphorus and ammonium nitrogen. The results showed that the typical eutrophication indexes (total nitrogen, total phosphorus, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen) were the important factors affecting AOA or AOB abundance in water and sediment of Meiliang Bay and central area of Taihu Lake, as well as the abundance of nitrifying microbial community.
【作者单位】：南京师范大学地理科学学院江苏省物质循环与污染控制重点实验室;常州工程职业技术学院制药与环境工程学院;江苏省地理信息资源开发与利用协同创新中心;中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41271255) 国家重点基础研究发展计划(2016YFD0200302) 江苏省高校优秀创新团队项目联合资助
【分类号】：X172;X524

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