环境规制对企业生产率影响再评估及机制检验

发布时间：2018-06-23 11:20

本文选题：环境规制 + 企业生产率　；参考：《财贸经济》2017年06期

【摘要】：借助2003年国务院实施的环保重点城市限期达标制度作为识别环境规制的准实验机会,本文采用双重差分方法评估并阐述了环境规制对企业生产率的影响和传导机制。研究发现:(1)相比较达标城市企业,该政策实施使得非达标城市企业平均全要素生产率(TFP)相对下降1.96%,成立时间短、规模小以及资本密度较高的企业,更易受到环境规制的不利影响,但这种不利影响会随时间而减弱,行业竞争有利于抑制不利影响;(2)该规制政策主要通过降低企业创新能力、增加中间成本和弱化企业融资约束来影响企业生产率,尽管重污染行业中企业的进入率在下降、退出率在上升,但这并没有带来产业层面重构和企业资源配置效率提升;(3)当企业所处地区的市场化程度越高、政府质量越高、绿色偏好越强,环境规制的不利效应越能够得到一定抑制。环境规制确实面临着较大的经济成本,通过市场化改革、政府质量提升以及绿色金融政策实施可以减弱其经济扭曲,伴随着环境成本(代价)趋高和显性化,通过降低污染排放来有效规避环境管制风险越来越成为提高企业竞争力的重要途径。
[Abstract]:With the implementation of the deadline system of environmental protection key cities by the State Council in 2003 as a quasi-experimental opportunity to identify environmental regulation, this paper uses the double differential method to evaluate and explain the influence and transmission mechanism of environmental regulation on enterprise productivity. The results show that: (1) compared with the urban enterprises, the implementation of the policy makes the average total factor productivity (TFP) of non-standard urban enterprises decrease by 1.96, and the enterprises with short time, small scale and high capital density are found to have a relatively low average total factor productivity (TFP). More vulnerable to the adverse effects of environmental regulation, but this adverse impact will weaken over time, industry competition is conducive to curb the adverse effects; (2) the regulation policy mainly by reducing the innovation capacity of enterprises, Increasing intermediate costs and weakening corporate financing constraints affect corporate productivity, although entry and exit rates in heavily polluting industries are declining, But this does not bring about the reconstruction of industry level and the efficiency of enterprise resource allocation; (3) the higher the degree of marketization, the higher the quality of the government, the stronger the green preference, and the more the adverse effects of environmental regulation can be restrained. Environmental regulation is indeed faced with large economic costs, through market-oriented reform, government quality improvement and the implementation of green financial policies can reduce its economic distortions, accompanied by higher environmental costs (costs) and dominance. It is more and more important to avoid the risk of environmental control by reducing the emission of pollution.
【作者单位】：武汉大学财政金融研究中心;中南财经政法大学财政税务学院;
【基金】：国家社科基金重大项目“构建基于生态文明建设的公共财政体制研究”(15ZDB158);国家社科基金后期资助“环境健康经济学理论与政策研究”(15FJY014) 2016年度香江学者计划项目“环境信息公开在中国:分析个人、组织、区域在供给和需求上的差异”(XJ2016005)
【分类号】：F272;X322

【相似文献】