中国区域环境规制碳排放效应研究

发布时间：2018-06-24 23:17

本文选题：环境规制 + 碳排放　；参考：《重庆工商大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：环境污染、全球气候变暖引发了人类对经济发展与环境保护这两大问题的思考。作为一个碳排放大国,我国承担了全球碳减排的重大压力。在国家日益强调转变经济发展方式,促进产业结构升级的大背景下,研究环境规制对我国碳排放的影响具有更加重要的意义。本研究以波特假说、污染避难所以及“绿色悖论”等理论为基础,选取了2004-2014年中国大陆30省市自治区(西藏除外)的相关数据,首先,用熵值赋权法分别测算了命令控制型规制、市场激励型规制和隐性规制三种规制指标;其次,在本文设置的四种空间权重矩阵下,对30省市自治区的二氧化碳强度进行了空间相关性检验;再次,利用空间面板数据模型从全国层面分析了环境规制碳排放的直接效应和间接效应;最后,在三大区域层面上,对各个区域的环境规制碳排放直接效应与间接效应进行了分解,以探求环境规制碳排放效应的地区差异性。研究结论主要包括:(1)我国30省市自治区2004-2014年的二氧化碳强度呈现显著的正空间相关性且逐年增强;从空间分布来看,二氧化碳强度呈“南低北高”的特征。(2)从全国层面来看,环境规制本身并不存在明显的“绿色悖论”效应,其中,命令控制型规制和隐性规制没有明显的碳排放效应,而市场激励型规制发挥了明显的减排效应;就间接效应而言,无论是污染光环还是污染避难所假说在实证研究中均没有得到验证,而波特假说在实证研究中得到了验证,但其成立也取决于环境规制的类型。(3)从三大区域的效应分解图来看,无论是直接还是间接效应,由其分解出的本地效应最强,溢出效应在邻近地区次之,对非邻近地区影响较弱甚至可以忽略;环境规制碳减排效应呈现由东向西逐渐递减的特征,“绿色悖论”现象更有可能发生在内陆地区,且更有可能通过命令控制型规制来引发;由污染光环机制产生的碳减排效应呈现由中向东、西递减的特征,由波特假说机制产生的碳减排效应呈现由东、西向中递减的特征。为促进我国经济可持续发展,实现经济与环境的共赢,应当充分发挥减排示范效应,协调区域减排政策,完善环境规制体系,提高政策执行力度,注重市场机制运用,充分运用碳减排的污染光环机制和波特假说机制,转变经济发展方式。
[Abstract]:Environmental pollution and global warming lead to the consideration of economic development and environmental protection. As a big carbon emission country, China bears the great pressure of global carbon emission reduction. Under the background of changing the mode of economic development and promoting the upgrading of industrial structure, it is of great significance to study the impact of environmental regulation on carbon emissions in China. Based on the Porter hypothesis, pollution shelters and the "Green Paradox" theory, this study selected data from 30 provinces and autonomous regions (excluding Tibet) in mainland China from 2004 to 2014. First of all, The entropy weighting method is used to calculate the three regulation indexes: command control regulation, market incentive regulation and implicit regulation. Secondly, under the four kinds of spatial weight matrix set up in this paper, The spatial correlation of carbon dioxide intensity in 30 provinces and autonomous regions is tested. Thirdly, the direct and indirect effects of environmental regulation on carbon emissions are analyzed from the national level by using the spatial panel data model. Finally, at the three regional levels, The direct and indirect effects of environmental regulation on carbon emissions are decomposed in order to find out the regional differences of the effects of environmental regulation on carbon emissions. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the carbon dioxide intensity of 30 provinces and autonomous regions in China from 2004 to 2014 showed a significant positive spatial correlation and increased year by year; from the spatial distribution, the carbon dioxide intensity showed the characteristics of "low in the south and high in the north". (2) from the national level, There is no obvious "green paradox" effect in environmental regulation itself, among which, there is no obvious carbon emission effect between command-controlled regulation and recessive regulation, while market-stimulating regulation plays a significant role in reducing emissions; as far as indirect effects are concerned, Neither the pollution halo nor the pollution shelter hypothesis has been verified in the empirical study, while the Porter hypothesis has been verified in the empirical study, but its establishment also depends on the type of environmental regulation. (3) from the view of the effect decomposition diagram of the three major regions, Whether it is direct or indirect effect, the local effect decomposed by it is the strongest, the spillover effect is the second in the neighboring region, and the influence on non-adjacent area is weak or even negligible. The carbon abatement effect of environmental regulation gradually decreases from east to west. The phenomenon of "Green Paradox" is more likely to occur in inland areas, and is more likely to be triggered by command-controlled regulation. The carbon abatement effect produced by Porter hypothesis mechanism is decreasing from east to west. In order to promote the sustainable development of our economy and realize the win-win of economy and environment, we should give full play to the demonstration effect of emission reduction, coordinate the regional emission reduction policy, perfect the environmental regulation system, enhance the policy implementation, and pay attention to the application of market mechanism. Make full use of pollution halo mechanism of carbon emission reduction and Porter hypothesis mechanism to change the mode of economic development.
【学位授予单位】：重庆工商大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X321

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