废纸再生脱墨污泥制备活性炭及其性能研究

发布时间：2018-07-05 17:54

  本文选题：脱墨污泥 + 活性炭　； 参考：《天津科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：废纸再生脱墨过程中会产生大量脱墨污泥,我国废纸浆消耗在纸浆中所占比例超过65%,因此脱墨污泥产量巨大。脱墨污泥处理成本高、难度大,对环境危害大,是废纸再生主要固废;活性炭作为一种高效吸附材料,在水处理、医药、食品等诸多领域具有广泛的应用,以脱墨污泥为原料制备活性炭,实现废弃物高值化利用,对实现脱墨污泥的无害化处理,提高产品附加值等具有深远的经济和社会意义,符合循环经济发展模式。本论文以脱墨污泥为原料,通过磷酸活化法制备活性炭,并将其应用于模拟金属废水的吸附研究。通过正交实验和单因素条件实验确定了活性炭最佳制备工艺条件为:活化温度450℃、活化时间90min、浸渍比1:3.5、磷酸浓度70%。最优条件下活性炭碘吸附值和亚甲基蓝吸附值分别达到421.98 mg/g和10.97 mL/0.1g;通过N2吸附-脱附实验计算得到活性炭比表面积为715.576 m2/g,总孔容为0.353 mL/g,平均孔径为18.573 nm,为中孔活性炭。扫描电镜分析表明脱墨污泥中碳酸钙等无机填料在活性炭制备过程中的溶出可产生大量直径为1～5μm左右的孔隙结构,存在提高活性炭吸附的传质优势;XRD分析证明脱墨污泥基活性炭石墨化程度高,孔隙结构稳定性好;傅里叶红外检测活性炭表面具有酚羟基、羧基等官能团,有利于活性炭的吸附;活性炭的浸出毒性检测表明,浸出液浓度均远低于国家允许最高浓度,通过磷酸法以脱墨污泥为原料制备活性炭工艺总体可行。将脱墨污泥活性炭应用于Cr (Ⅵ)的吸附研究,并对其吸附条件进行优化。在最优条件下,即活性炭用量15g/L、Cr (Ⅵ)溶液浓度150mg/L、吸附时间6h,活性炭对Cr (Ⅵ)的去除率和吸附量分别为87.12%和8.71 mg/g;动力学实验测定了脱墨污泥基活性炭对Cr(Ⅵ)的理论饱和吸附量和吸附能力常数分别为16.16 mg/g和0.068 L/g。将脱墨污泥活性炭应用于Fe (Ⅲ)的吸附,在最优吸附条件:即活性炭含量7.5 g/L、Fe (Ⅲ)溶液浓度100 mg/L、吸附时间3 h、pH为2时,活性炭对Fe (Ⅲ)的去除率和吸附量分别为89.03%和11.87 mg/g;动力学实验研究表明,脱墨污泥活性炭对Fe (Ⅲ)的理论饱和吸附量为40.87 mg/g,吸附能力常数为0.029 L/g,吸附性能优良。将活性炭进行改性处理,并应用于Cr (Ⅵ)吸附,最佳改性条件为:改性剂为10mol/L的HN03、炭酸比1: 15 (m: V)、改性时间2.0h。当改性活性炭用量为5 g/L时,其去除率和吸附量也分别达到83.89%和25.17 mg/g,吸附量与未改性活性炭相比提高了 140.30%。
[Abstract]:A large amount of deinking sludge will be produced in the process of regeneration and deinking of waste paper, which accounts for more than 65% of the pulp consumed in our country, so the output of deinking sludge is huge. Deinking sludge treatment has high cost, great difficulty and great harm to the environment, it is the main solid waste of waste paper regeneration. As a kind of high efficiency adsorption material, activated carbon has been widely used in many fields, such as water treatment, medicine, food and so on. Using deinking sludge as raw material to prepare activated carbon to realize high value utilization of waste is of profound economic and social significance to realize the harmless treatment of deinking sludge and to improve the added value of products, which is in line with the development mode of circular economy. Activated carbon was prepared from deinked sludge by phosphoric acid activation method and applied to the adsorption of simulated metal wastewater. The optimum preparation conditions of activated carbon were determined by orthogonal experiment and single factor experiment. The optimum conditions were as follows: activation temperature 450 鈩，

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