新型有机无机絮凝剂的制备及性能研究

发布时间：2018-07-05 19:07

本文选题：复合絮凝剂 + 浊度　；参考：《天津工业大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：无机-有机复合絮凝剂能够充分利用无机和有机絮凝剂的优势,使两者优势互补,从而提高絮凝效果,增加其适用范围。废水中往往含有各种重金属离子威胁人类健康,而且废水还会带有颜色,更增加了其处理难度。针对以上情况,本文探索了两种无机絮凝剂、一种有机絮凝剂及有机-无机复合絮凝剂,考察了有机絮凝剂及有机-无机复合絮凝剂在去除重金属及脱色方面的性能。制备了无机高分子絮凝剂聚硫酸铁锌(PFSZ)以及聚硅酸铁锌(PSZF),考察了不同制备条件,如铁锌摩尔比、反应温度、时间等对絮凝效果的影响,通过正交实验确定了最佳制备条件,确定了各絮凝剂的适用范围,根据实验结果,PFSZ 和 PZSF的最佳投加量分别为3504mg/L和330.21mg/L。将几种无机高分子絮凝剂进行比较,PFSZ和PZSF的投加量要低于原来单一絮凝剂,而絮凝效果却优于原来的絮凝剂,且适用的pH范围更宽。采用两步法合成了有机絮凝剂二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(PDMDAAC),探究了引发剂用量、反应时间及反应温度等工艺条件对PDMDAAC分子量的影响；将所制备的PDMDAAC与无机高分子絮凝剂PFSZ及PSZF进行了复合,以重金属Cu2+去除率、除浊率及除色率为指标来评价复合絮凝剂的性能,探索不同制备条件对絮凝剂性能的影响,结果表明聚硫酸铁锌—聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(PPFSZ)最佳投加量为30774mg/L、其除浊率、除色率、除Cu2+率分别可达98.61%、93.09%、96.47%；絮凝剂聚硅酸铁锌—聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(PPSZF)最佳投加量为4295mg/L,其除浊率、除色率、除Cu2+率分别可达99.01%、82.0%、83.7%。将所制得的复合絮凝剂与单独的无机高分子絮凝剂、有机高分子絮凝剂进行对比,其结果发现,单独的有机高分子絮凝剂PDMDAAC在除浊、除铜Cu2+方面效果较差,仅在除色方面有一定效果；单独的无机高分子絮凝剂虽在除浊和除重金属铜离子方面性能优异,但其除色能力较差；而复合絮凝剂在除浊、除色、除铜离子方面均能表现出优异的去除效果。复合絮凝剂综合了无机、有机的性能特点,各方面的性能都强于单一的无机絮凝剂及有机絮凝剂。
[Abstract]:Inorganic-organic composite flocculant can make full use of the advantages of inorganic and organic flocculants and make them complement each other so as to improve the flocculation effect and increase its application range. Wastewater often contains a variety of heavy metal ions threatening human health, and the wastewater will also have color, which makes it more difficult to deal with. In this paper, two kinds of inorganic flocculants, one organic flocculant and one organic-inorganic compound flocculant, were explored. The performance of organic flocculant and organic-inorganic composite flocculant in removing heavy metals and decolorizing was investigated. The inorganic polymeric flocculants polyferric zinc sulfate (PFSZ) and polyferric zinc silicate (PSZF) were prepared. The effects of different preparation conditions, such as the molar ratio of iron and zinc, reaction temperature and time, on the flocculation effect were investigated. The optimum preparation conditions were determined by orthogonal experiment. The optimum dosage of PFSZ and PZSF is 3504 mg / L and 330.21 mg / L, respectively. The dosage of PFSZ and PZSF was lower than that of single flocculant, but the flocculating effect was better than that of the original flocculant, and the suitable pH range was wider. The organic flocculant dimethyldiallylammonium chloride (PDMDAAC) was synthesized by two-step method. The effects of the amount of initiator, reaction time and reaction temperature on the molecular weight of PDMDAAC were investigated. The prepared PDMDAAC was combined with inorganic polymeric flocculants PFSZ and PSZF. The removal rate of Cu _ 2, turbidity and color were taken as indexes to evaluate the performance of the composite flocculant, and the effects of different preparation conditions on the flocculant performance were explored. The results showed that the optimum dosage of PPFSZ was 30774 mg / L, and the turbidity removal rate, color removal rate and Cu2 removal rate were 98.61% and 93.09% respectively. The optimum dosage of the flocculant PPSZF is 4295 mg / L, and its turbidity removal rate, color removal rate and Cu2 removal rate can reach 99.01% ~ 82.0% and 83.7% respectively. The composite flocculant was compared with inorganic polymer flocculant and organic polymer flocculant. The results showed that PDMDAAC, a single organic polymer flocculant, had poor effect in removing turbidity and copper Cu2. Although the inorganic macromolecule flocculant has excellent performance in removing turbidity and heavy metal copper ion, its ability of removing color is poor, while the compound flocculant can remove turbidity and color. The removal of copper ions can show excellent removal efficiency. The compound flocculant combines the characteristics of inorganic and organic, and the performance of all aspects is better than that of single inorganic flocculant and organic flocculant.
【学位授予单位】：天津工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：X703.5

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