2015年“九三阅兵”期间北京市空气质量分析

发布时间：2018-07-07 19:58

本文选题：阅兵 + 减排　；参考：《中国环境科学》2017年05期

【摘要】：为研究区域性大气污染物减排措施对北京市空气质量的影响,结合地面观测的气象参数、常规污染物和PM_(2.5)化学组分,对"九三阅兵"期间北京市的空气质量进行分析.结果表明,阅兵期间北京市北风平均风速、温度、相对湿度和地面气压等气象要素水平与相邻时段相比较为接近,但北风频率偏高,整体大气扩散条件略有利.阅兵期间SO_2、NO_2、O_3、PM10和PM_(2.5)平均浓度分别为2.7、24.2、63.2、27.2和19.5μg/m~3,与相邻时段相比分别降低了26.0%、31.3%、24.5%、59.0%和59.4%;PM_(2.5)的降幅最大,体现了一次源排放和前体物排放同时减排的叠加作用.从PM_(2.5)化学组分来看,阅兵期间浓度最高前4位依次是OC(6.1μg/m~3)、NH_4~+(3.8μg/m~3)、SO_4~(2-)(3.4μg/m~3)和NO_3~-(2.5μg/m~3),OC中二次生成的组分仍高达57.6%.通过与相邻时段中相似天气形势下污染物浓度的对比测算了减排措施的"净环境效益",阅兵期间的减排措施使得SO_2、O_3、NO_2、PM_(10)和PM_(2.5)浓度分别降低了50.0%、0.7%、42.1%、45.7%和48.6%,并对APEC期间和阅兵期间O_3浓度变化不同的原因进行了讨论.
[Abstract]:In order to study the effect of regional air pollutant emission reduction measures on air quality in Beijing, combined with meteorological parameters observed on the ground, conventional pollutants and PM2.5 chemical components, the air quality of Beijing during the "93 parade" was analyzed. The results show that the average wind speed, temperature, relative humidity and surface pressure during the parade are close to those of adjacent periods, but the north wind frequency is higher, and the overall atmospheric diffusion condition is slightly more favorable. During the parade, the average concentrations of so _ 2O _ (3) and PM_ (2.5) were 2.7and 24.2n 63.2n 27.2 and 19.5 渭 g / m ~ (3), respectively. Compared with the adjacent period, the average concentrations of so _ 2O _ (10) and PM_ (2.5) were reduced by 26.0% and 59.4%, respectively, which reflected the superposition effect of a source emission and a front-line emission reduction at the same time. From the point of view of PM2.5 chemical composition, the highest concentration of OC (6.1 渭 g/m~3) NH4- (3.8 渭 g/m~3) in the military parade period is still as high as 57.6% in the secondary components of the OC, and the secondary components are still 57.6in the second order of the OC (C _ (6.1 渭 g/m~3) NH _ 43.8 渭 g/m~3) so _ 4 ~ (2-) (3.4 渭 g/m~3) and no _ (3 ~ (3) g/m~3) ~ (2. 5 渭 g/m~3). The "net environmental benefits" of emission reduction measures were measured by comparing the pollutant concentrations in similar weather conditions with those in adjacent periods. The emission reduction measures during the parade resulted in the reduction of the SO2O _ 3No2NO2P10 and PM2.5 concentrations by 50.0% and 42.7% and 48.6%, respectively, during APEC and during the military parade. The reasons for different changes in O _ 3 concentration during the period were discussed.
【作者单位】：北京市环境保护监测中心大气颗粒物监测技术北京市重点实验室;北京市环境保护局;北京工业大学环境与能源学院;
【基金】：环保公益性行业科研专项(201409005) 国家科技支撑计划课题(2014BAC23B03) 北京市优秀人才培养资助
【分类号】：X51

【参考文献】