厌氧氨氧化系统启动及活性影响因子研究
发布时间：2018-07-13 19:07
【摘要】：厌氧氨氧化工艺作为一种高效、经济脱氮处理工艺,因其较传统生物脱氮工艺具有脱氮效率高、无需外加有机碳源、无需溶解氧、能耗低、污泥产量少、无二次污染等优点而受到国内外学者的青睐,尤其在处理含低有机碳的高氨氮废水中具有良好的开发应用前景,但却因脱氮功能菌-厌氧氨氧化菌生长极其缓慢,而制约了其工程上的运用。本文利用普通市政污泥,采用低基质与高流量相结合的方式考察了上流式厌氧污泥悬浮填料填充床反应器快速富集厌氧氨氧化菌的运行性能及运行过程中微生物群落结构变化,并探讨了系统中厌氧氨氧化菌颗粒污泥的活性影响因素及反应动力学特性,主要研究结果如下:(1)采用上流式厌氧污泥悬浮填料填充床反应器,通过提升进水基质浓度及缩HRT的运行方式,经过近100天的运行,系统容积总氮负荷能达到3.15kgN.m-3.d~(-1),相应总氮去除负荷为2.68kgN.m-3.d~(-1),总氮去除率和亚硝态氮去除率基本保持在80%和90%以上,系统中颗粒污泥粒径范围为0.30mm-4.04mm,平均沉降速度达到94.32m/h,系统表现出高效的脱氮性能及耐冲击负荷能力,成功实现了厌氧氨氧化菌的富集培养和反应器的快速启动;(2)反应器在启动过程中,接种污泥中微生物群落包含的主要8种菌门的多样性及对应丰度值都在不断降低,后期主要存在浮霉菌门和变形菌门,占到系统微生物含量的92.29%。系统中以隶属浮霉菌门的Candidatus Kuenenia和Candidatus Anammoxoglobu两种Anammox功能菌为优势菌种,丰度值为66.57%,其中以Candidatus Kuenenia菌为主,相对含量占到总量的63.31%;(3)批量实验对厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥活性影响因素进行讨论,厌氧氨氧化活性随着氨氮浓度由41.05mg/L逐渐增加至587.75mg/L过程中,两者呈正相关的变化趋势,而随着亚硝态浓度的增加呈先增加后降低的变化趋势,在亚硝态氮浓度为145.51mg/L时达到最大值0.160mgNH4+-N.mgVSS~(-1).d~(-1)。系统培养的Anammox菌生长环境最佳温度值为35℃左右,最适pH值在8.0-8.5之间;(4)批量实验对厌氧氨氧化反应动力学进行研究,拟合得到氨氮半饱和常数、最大反应速率及抑制常数分别为38.06mg/L、0.133mgNH4+-N.mgVSS~(-1).d~(-1)、4.058E28mg/L;亚硝态氮半饱和常数、抑制常数、最大基质反应速率分别为263.25mg/L,227.88mg/L,0.445mgNH4+-N.mgVSS~(-1).d~(-1),系统具有巨大的厌氧氨氧化反应潜能。
[Abstract]:As an efficient and economical denitrification process, the anaerobic ammonia oxidation process has higher denitrification efficiency than the traditional biological nitrogen removal process, no additional organic carbon source, no dissolved oxygen, low energy consumption and less sludge yield. The advantages of no secondary pollution are favored by scholars at home and abroad, especially in the treatment of high ammonia nitrogen wastewater containing low organic carbon, which has a good prospect of development and application, but the growth of anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria is extremely slow because of denitrification function bacteria. And restricted its engineering application. In this paper, the operation performance of rapid enrichment of anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and the changes of microbial community structure in upflow anaerobic sludge suspension-packed bed reactor were investigated by the combination of low substrate and high flow rate of municipal sludge. The main results are as follows: (1) the upflow anaerobic sludge suspension-packed bed reactor was used. After nearly 100 days of operation, the total nitrogen load of the system can reach 3.15kgN.m-3.d-1, the corresponding total nitrogen removal load is 2.68kgN.m-3.d-1, the removal rate of total nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen is above 80% and 90%. The particle size of granular sludge in the system is 0.30mm-4.04mm, and the average settling speed is 94.32mrh. the system shows high denitrification performance and resistance to impact loading. The enrichment and culture of anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and the rapid start-up of the reactor were successfully realized. (2) during the start-up of the reactor, the diversity and the corresponding abundance values of the main eight kinds of bacteria contained in the microbial community in the inoculated sludge decreased continuously. In the later stage, there were mainly floatation and Proteus phylum, which accounted for 92.29% of the microbial content in the system. Candidatus Kuenenia and Candidatus Anammoxoglobu were the dominant strains in the system, and the abundance was 66.57, among which Candidatus Kuenenia was the main bacteria and the relative content was 63.31%. (3) the influence factors of anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge activity were discussed. The activity of anaerobic ammonia oxidation increased from 41.05 mg / L to 587.75 mg / L with the increase of NH3-N concentration, but increased first and then decreased with the increase of nitrite concentration, and the activity of anaerobic ammonia oxidation increased from 41.05 mg / L to 587.75 mg / L with the increase of nitrite concentration. When nitrite nitrogen concentration is 145.51 mg / L, the maximum value is 0.160 mgNH4 -N.mgVSS-1. D ~ (-1). The optimum temperature and pH were about 35 鈩，
本文编号：2120448
[Abstract]:As an efficient and economical denitrification process, the anaerobic ammonia oxidation process has higher denitrification efficiency than the traditional biological nitrogen removal process, no additional organic carbon source, no dissolved oxygen, low energy consumption and less sludge yield. The advantages of no secondary pollution are favored by scholars at home and abroad, especially in the treatment of high ammonia nitrogen wastewater containing low organic carbon, which has a good prospect of development and application, but the growth of anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria is extremely slow because of denitrification function bacteria. And restricted its engineering application. In this paper, the operation performance of rapid enrichment of anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and the changes of microbial community structure in upflow anaerobic sludge suspension-packed bed reactor were investigated by the combination of low substrate and high flow rate of municipal sludge. The main results are as follows: (1) the upflow anaerobic sludge suspension-packed bed reactor was used. After nearly 100 days of operation, the total nitrogen load of the system can reach 3.15kgN.m-3.d-1, the corresponding total nitrogen removal load is 2.68kgN.m-3.d-1, the removal rate of total nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen is above 80% and 90%. The particle size of granular sludge in the system is 0.30mm-4.04mm, and the average settling speed is 94.32mrh. the system shows high denitrification performance and resistance to impact loading. The enrichment and culture of anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and the rapid start-up of the reactor were successfully realized. (2) during the start-up of the reactor, the diversity and the corresponding abundance values of the main eight kinds of bacteria contained in the microbial community in the inoculated sludge decreased continuously. In the later stage, there were mainly floatation and Proteus phylum, which accounted for 92.29% of the microbial content in the system. Candidatus Kuenenia and Candidatus Anammoxoglobu were the dominant strains in the system, and the abundance was 66.57, among which Candidatus Kuenenia was the main bacteria and the relative content was 63.31%. (3) the influence factors of anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge activity were discussed. The activity of anaerobic ammonia oxidation increased from 41.05 mg / L to 587.75 mg / L with the increase of NH3-N concentration, but increased first and then decreased with the increase of nitrite concentration, and the activity of anaerobic ammonia oxidation increased from 41.05 mg / L to 587.75 mg / L with the increase of nitrite concentration. When nitrite nitrogen concentration is 145.51 mg / L, the maximum value is 0.160 mgNH4 -N.mgVSS-1. D ~ (-1). The optimum temperature and pH were about 35 鈩，
本文编号：2120448
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