长三角地区典型沿海城市大气细颗粒物污染特征与来源解析
发布时间：2018-08-20 19:16
【摘要】：通过对长三角地区典型沿海城市(T市)的调研,利用该市环境空气质量自动监测数据,分析该市大气颗粒物浓度与气象因素,其他污染物之间的相关性。针对该市社会发展和工业特征,采集7类典型污染源,共计38个源样品;根据实地调研,布设6个采样点位,获得T市四季度的环境受体样品,共计840多个。分析污染源和受体中PM_(2.5)的19种无机元素、8种水溶性离子、2种碳组分和16种多环芳烃,研究PM_(2.5)的污染特征。利用CMB模型进行PM_(2.5)来源解析,为长三角地区沿海城市PM_(2.5)污染特征研究提供数据支撑,据此提出合理有效的污染防治建议。主要得到以下结果:(1)长三角地区典型沿海城市(T市)PM_(10)和PM_(2.5)的浓度变化趋势大致相同,冬季浓度最高,夏季浓度最低。颗粒物与温度、气压不存在相关性,与相对湿度、风速、能见度存在负相关性,与NO_x、SO_2和CO具有良好相关性。T市PM_(2.5)/PM_(10)的比值大于邻近城市(温州市和宁波市)。(2)T市城市扬尘、建筑水泥尘、道路尘以有机物(OM)、Ca、Si等为主,土壤尘以Si、Al、Fe、OM为主,煤烟尘以Ca、EC、Si、SO_4~(2-)等为主,冶金尘以Fe、Ca、OM为主,垃圾焚烧尘以OM、Ca、EC为主。该市PM_(2.5)浓度为工业区城区背景点。环境受体PM_(2.5)中OM含量最高,占23.8%;其次是SO_4~(2-)、NO_3~-和NH_4~+,分别占15.6%、15.0%和11.4%。根据环数分布、特征比值和主成分分析结果得,该市PAHs主要来自机动车尾气、燃煤和生物质燃烧。成年人和儿童的ILCR的年均值分别为8.02×10~(-7)和5.61×10~(-7),与日常活动风险水平相似。(3)T市PM_(2.5)的首要来源是工业生产(占23.9%),其次是机动车尾气(21.4%)、扬尘(19.4%)和燃煤(12.1%),其他源占23.3%。根据该市PM_(2.5)源解析结果,结合实际情况,针对工业生产、燃煤、机动车尾气和扬尘等提出合理的大气细颗粒物污染防治建议。
[Abstract]:Based on the investigation of typical coastal cities (T City) in the Yangtze River Delta, the correlation between atmospheric particulate concentration, meteorological factors and other pollutants was analyzed by using the data of automatic monitoring of ambient air quality in the city. According to the social development and industrial characteristics of the city, 7 kinds of typical pollution sources were collected, a total of 38 source samples were collected, and according to the field investigation, 6 sampling sites were set up to obtain the environmental receptor samples of T City in the fourth quarter, a total of more than 840 samples were obtained. The pollution characteristics of PM2.5 were studied by analyzing two carbon components and 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from 19 kinds of inorganic elements of PM2.5 in pollution source and acceptor, including 8 kinds of water soluble ions and 8 species of water soluble ion and 16 kinds of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The CMB model is used to analyze the source of PM2.5 in order to provide data support for the study of pollution characteristics of PM2.5 in coastal cities in the Yangtze River Delta region. Based on this, some reasonable and effective suggestions for pollution prevention and control are put forward. The main results are as follows: (1) the variation trend of PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations in typical coastal cities (T city) in Yangtze River Delta is approximately the same, the highest concentration in winter and the lowest concentration in summer. There was no correlation between particulate matter and temperature and air pressure, but a negative correlation with relative humidity, wind speed and visibility. The ratio of PM2.5 / PM10 in T city was higher than that in neighboring cities (). (2 / T city, Ningbo City), and there was a good correlation with no _ XN so _ 2 and CO. The ratio of PM _ (2.5) / PM _ (10) in T city was higher than that in adjacent cities (Wenzhou and Ningbo City). (_ 2). Construction cement dust, road dust, organic matter (OM) and CaOSi, soil dust, coal dust, CaEC-SiSO4 ~ (2-), metallurgical dust, and waste incineration dust, respectively, are mainly used in construction cement dust, organic matter (OM) and CaO4 ~ (2-), soil dust, CaEC-SiSO4 ~ (2-), and waste incineration dust, respectively. The PM2.5 concentration in the city is the background point of the industrial district. The content of OM was the highest in the environmental receptor PM2.5, accounting for 23.8, followed by the number of so _ 4- ~ (2-) and NH _ 4s _ 4, which accounted for 15.60% and 11.4%, respectively. According to the results of ring number distribution, characteristic ratio and principal component analysis, the main sources of PAHs in this city are vehicle exhaust, coal combustion and biomass combustion. The annual mean values of ILCR in adults and children were 8.02 脳 10 ~ (-7) and 5.61 脳 10 ~ (-7) respectively, which were similar to the risk level of daily activities. (3) the primary source of PM2.5 in T City was industrial production (23.9%), followed by motor vehicle exhaust (21.4%), dust (19.4%) and coal combustion (12.1%), and other sources accounted for 23.3T. Based on the analytical results of PM2.5 sources in the city and the actual situation, reasonable suggestions for the prevention and control of atmospheric fine particulate matter pollution are put forward for industrial production, coal combustion, motor vehicle exhaust gas and dust.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X513
[Abstract]:Based on the investigation of typical coastal cities (T City) in the Yangtze River Delta, the correlation between atmospheric particulate concentration, meteorological factors and other pollutants was analyzed by using the data of automatic monitoring of ambient air quality in the city. According to the social development and industrial characteristics of the city, 7 kinds of typical pollution sources were collected, a total of 38 source samples were collected, and according to the field investigation, 6 sampling sites were set up to obtain the environmental receptor samples of T City in the fourth quarter, a total of more than 840 samples were obtained. The pollution characteristics of PM2.5 were studied by analyzing two carbon components and 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from 19 kinds of inorganic elements of PM2.5 in pollution source and acceptor, including 8 kinds of water soluble ions and 8 species of water soluble ion and 16 kinds of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The CMB model is used to analyze the source of PM2.5 in order to provide data support for the study of pollution characteristics of PM2.5 in coastal cities in the Yangtze River Delta region. Based on this, some reasonable and effective suggestions for pollution prevention and control are put forward. The main results are as follows: (1) the variation trend of PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations in typical coastal cities (T city) in Yangtze River Delta is approximately the same, the highest concentration in winter and the lowest concentration in summer. There was no correlation between particulate matter and temperature and air pressure, but a negative correlation with relative humidity, wind speed and visibility. The ratio of PM2.5 / PM10 in T city was higher than that in neighboring cities (). (2 / T city, Ningbo City), and there was a good correlation with no _ XN so _ 2 and CO. The ratio of PM _ (2.5) / PM _ (10) in T city was higher than that in adjacent cities (Wenzhou and Ningbo City). (_ 2). Construction cement dust, road dust, organic matter (OM) and CaOSi, soil dust, coal dust, CaEC-SiSO4 ~ (2-), metallurgical dust, and waste incineration dust, respectively, are mainly used in construction cement dust, organic matter (OM) and CaO4 ~ (2-), soil dust, CaEC-SiSO4 ~ (2-), and waste incineration dust, respectively. The PM2.5 concentration in the city is the background point of the industrial district. The content of OM was the highest in the environmental receptor PM2.5, accounting for 23.8, followed by the number of so _ 4- ~ (2-) and NH _ 4s _ 4, which accounted for 15.60% and 11.4%, respectively. According to the results of ring number distribution, characteristic ratio and principal component analysis, the main sources of PAHs in this city are vehicle exhaust, coal combustion and biomass combustion. The annual mean values of ILCR in adults and children were 8.02 脳 10 ~ (-7) and 5.61 脳 10 ~ (-7) respectively, which were similar to the risk level of daily activities. (3) the primary source of PM2.5 in T City was industrial production (23.9%), followed by motor vehicle exhaust (21.4%), dust (19.4%) and coal combustion (12.1%), and other sources accounted for 23.3T. Based on the analytical results of PM2.5 sources in the city and the actual situation, reasonable suggestions for the prevention and control of atmospheric fine particulate matter pollution are put forward for industrial production, coal combustion, motor vehicle exhaust gas and dust.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X513
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相关期刊论文 前10条
1 陈刚;刘佳媛;皇甫延琦;王海婷;史国良;田瑛泽;朱余;李菁;冯银厂;;合肥城区PM_(10)及PM_(2.5)季节污染特征及来源解析[J];中国环境科学;2016年07期
2 窦筱艳;赵雪艳;徐s，
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