吸附处理废润滑油粉煤灰的微波再生研究
发布时间：2018-08-21 13:14
【摘要】：近年来,随着润滑油在我国快速发展的工业经济中日益广泛的应用,产生了大量废润滑油,这些废润滑油可经过再净化、再精制等工艺得以回收再利用。在废油资源化处理技术中,吸附处理技术占有重要地位。在吸附工艺中,吸附材料的选择至关重要。粉煤灰作为新型吸附材料,具有价格低廉、来源广泛等优点,可有效地用于废油的吸附处理。然而,吸附处理废润滑油后的粉煤灰失去吸附能力,且自身成为一种有毒有害物质,必须要通过一些途径来处理。使用一些技术手段来处理废粉煤灰,让其重新获得吸附性能,是一种有效地途径。这些技术手段被称为再生方法,常见的再生方法有热再生、氧化再生、溶剂再生、光催化再生、电化学再生、微波辐射再生、超声波再生、超临界流体再生以及等离子体再生等。而微波再生作为一种高效、快速、节能的新型吸附材料再生方法,国内外学者已将此法应用于活性炭的再生,并就此展开了大量研究,但对粉煤灰的再生研究较少。本文基于吸附材料微波再生技术,探索性开展吸附处理废润滑油粉煤灰的微波再生研究。本论文以吸附处理废润滑油后的粉煤灰为研究对象,以微波为再生手段,以酸值为再生评价指标,采用单因素实验探讨了微波功率、再生时间和粉煤灰颗粒大小这三个因素对微波再生效率的影响,采用正交试验优化了再生粉煤灰试验条件;并对吸附处理模拟废油粉煤灰的微波再生和传统热再生进行了比较,考察了1-3次热再生和微波再生效率、再生前后粉煤灰表面结构和接触角变化;最后将粉煤灰的吸附—微波再生—再吸附工艺应用到实际废油的处理中,以水分、粘度、酸值、表面张力等指标,探讨再生粉煤灰对废润滑油的处理效果。再生实验表明,影响微波再生粉煤灰效率的因素依次是:粉煤灰颗粒粒径、微波功率、微波辐照时间,最高再生效率得到条件是粉煤灰粒径0.1-0.2 mm、微波功率800 W和再生时间2 min,此时再生效率达92.73%。热重实验表明,最佳热再生温度为400℃。微波和热再生的对比试验表明,经过3次微波再生后,粉煤灰的比表面、总孔体积和平均孔径逐渐减小,粉煤灰晶体定形化。经过3次热再生后,粉煤灰的比表面积和总孔容积逐渐增大,粉煤灰晶体无定形化。在获得相同的再生效率的条件下,微波能耗更低,仅占热再生的1/66~1/36。接触角实验表明,随着微波再生次数增加,粉煤灰与液体石蜡的亲和性降低,相对接触角增大,粉煤灰表面自由焓也降低。粉煤灰的吸附—微波再生—再吸附工艺应用到实际废润滑油的处理实验表明,粉煤灰吸附可以降低废油的酸值、水分、表面张力和运动粘度,而微波再生后的粉煤灰对废油吸附处理效果会变差,且随再生次数的增加,粉煤灰的吸附处理会变的更差。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the increasing application of lubricating oil in China's rapidly developing industrial economy, a large number of waste lubricating oils have been produced, which can be repurified, rerefined and reused. Adsorption treatment plays an important role in waste oil resource treatment technology. In the adsorption process, the selection of adsorption materials is very important. Fly ash, as a new adsorption material, has the advantages of low price and wide source, so it can be effectively used in the adsorption treatment of waste oil. However, the fly ash after adsorbing and treating waste lubricating oil loses its adsorption capacity and becomes a kind of toxic and harmful substance, which must be treated by some ways. It is an effective way to treat waste fly ash and reacquire its adsorption property by some technical means. These techniques are called regeneration methods. Common regeneration methods include thermal regeneration, oxidative regeneration, solvent regeneration, photocatalytic regeneration, electrochemical regeneration, microwave regeneration, ultrasonic regeneration, Supercritical fluid regeneration and plasma regeneration. Microwave regeneration is an efficient, fast and energy-saving method for regeneration of adsorption materials. Scholars at home and abroad have applied this method to the regeneration of activated carbon, and a large number of studies have been carried out, but the regeneration of fly ash is less studied. In this paper, microwave regeneration of waste lubricating oil fly ash is studied based on microwave regeneration technology of adsorbed materials. In this paper, the power of microwave was studied by single factor experiment, taking fly ash after adsorption and treatment of waste lubricating oil as research object, microwave as regeneration method and acid value as regeneration evaluation index. The effects of regeneration time and particle size of fly ash on the efficiency of microwave regeneration were studied. The experimental conditions of regenerated fly ash were optimized by orthogonal test, and the microwave regeneration of simulated waste oil fly ash by adsorption was compared with that of traditional thermal regeneration. The surface structure and contact angle of fly ash before and after regeneration were investigated. Finally, the adsorption-microwave regeneration-readsorption process of fly ash was applied to the treatment of waste oil with moisture, viscosity and acid value. The treatment effect of regenerated fly ash on waste lubricating oil was discussed. The regeneration experiments show that the factors influencing the efficiency of microwave regeneration of fly ash are: particle size of fly ash, microwave power, time of microwave irradiation, The maximum regeneration efficiency was obtained as follows: particle size of fly ash 0.1-0.2 mm, microwave power 800 W and regeneration time 2 min, and the regeneration efficiency reached 92.73 mm. The thermogravimetric test shows that the optimum temperature of thermal regeneration is 400 鈩，
本文编号：2195849
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the increasing application of lubricating oil in China's rapidly developing industrial economy, a large number of waste lubricating oils have been produced, which can be repurified, rerefined and reused. Adsorption treatment plays an important role in waste oil resource treatment technology. In the adsorption process, the selection of adsorption materials is very important. Fly ash, as a new adsorption material, has the advantages of low price and wide source, so it can be effectively used in the adsorption treatment of waste oil. However, the fly ash after adsorbing and treating waste lubricating oil loses its adsorption capacity and becomes a kind of toxic and harmful substance, which must be treated by some ways. It is an effective way to treat waste fly ash and reacquire its adsorption property by some technical means. These techniques are called regeneration methods. Common regeneration methods include thermal regeneration, oxidative regeneration, solvent regeneration, photocatalytic regeneration, electrochemical regeneration, microwave regeneration, ultrasonic regeneration, Supercritical fluid regeneration and plasma regeneration. Microwave regeneration is an efficient, fast and energy-saving method for regeneration of adsorption materials. Scholars at home and abroad have applied this method to the regeneration of activated carbon, and a large number of studies have been carried out, but the regeneration of fly ash is less studied. In this paper, microwave regeneration of waste lubricating oil fly ash is studied based on microwave regeneration technology of adsorbed materials. In this paper, the power of microwave was studied by single factor experiment, taking fly ash after adsorption and treatment of waste lubricating oil as research object, microwave as regeneration method and acid value as regeneration evaluation index. The effects of regeneration time and particle size of fly ash on the efficiency of microwave regeneration were studied. The experimental conditions of regenerated fly ash were optimized by orthogonal test, and the microwave regeneration of simulated waste oil fly ash by adsorption was compared with that of traditional thermal regeneration. The surface structure and contact angle of fly ash before and after regeneration were investigated. Finally, the adsorption-microwave regeneration-readsorption process of fly ash was applied to the treatment of waste oil with moisture, viscosity and acid value. The treatment effect of regenerated fly ash on waste lubricating oil was discussed. The regeneration experiments show that the factors influencing the efficiency of microwave regeneration of fly ash are: particle size of fly ash, microwave power, time of microwave irradiation, The maximum regeneration efficiency was obtained as follows: particle size of fly ash 0.1-0.2 mm, microwave power 800 W and regeneration time 2 min, and the regeneration efficiency reached 92.73 mm. The thermogravimetric test shows that the optimum temperature of thermal regeneration is 400 鈩，
本文编号：2195849
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